LESSON 19.
(a) The verbs chahna, 'to be about to do' or to be about to finish doing', and karna, 1 in the sense of ' to make a practice of/
- to be in the habit of,' often govern the past participle of
another verb, instead of the infinitive. The participle so governed is always in the simple form of the singular masculine in a. 2 Thus,
EXAMPLES.
He is in the habit of reading every morning. hat.
Wuh har subh ko parhd-kartd
He is in the habit of writing something every day.
Wuh har roz kuchh likhd kartd hat.
He used always to give (make) this injunction to the scholar.
Wuh hamesha shdgird ko yih tdkid kiyd-kartd thd.
I am about to finish learning Hindustani.
Main Hindustani zabdn sikhd chdhtd huh.
I arn going to finish writing this letter.
Main yih chitthi likhd-chdhtd huh.
(V) We may here observe that the form chahiye of the verb chahnd is used impersonally, like the Latin ' decet.' 'oportet,' or the French 'il faut,' ; as, chahiye ki turn jd,o, 'you must or ought to go, or it is necessary that you go.' This form of chahnd is often followed by the Aorist, as in the preceding example, but more often it is construed with the uninflected infinitive, the subject being put in the dative case, as, tumko jana 3 chahiye. It used also to govern the Past Participle of the accompanying verb ; as, Adab sikhd chdhiye, " it is proper (necessary or desirable) to learn good manners" : 4 This construction is at present met with only in the expression dekhd chdiye " let us see (what happens)."
1 Kama in this sense is intransitive.
2 The Past Part, of Jana in such cases is regular, i.e.^jaya and not gaya ; also in the passive mttjh se wahaii jays, na gaya " I could not venture to go there." * Jana is the subject si chahiye. 4 Vide pp. 113-114.
