GAKXIER at Portsmouth until 1814. Ho exhibited 1 his first marine in 1810, became painter to the Duke of Angouleme in 1817, and in 1833 director of the Museum of Rouen. Medals in 1810 and 1855 ; L. of Honour, 1852. Works : Tower of London, Three- docker cast on the Rocks, A Storm, Road- stoad with Yossols (1819); View of the Scheldt (1833), Douai Museum ; Battle of Augusta, lG7(i (183(1), Battle of Navarino, Napoleon's Return from Elba, Versailles Museum ; View of Sidon at Sunset, Bou- logne Museum ; Capture of the Kent by the Corsair Confiance (183(i), La Rochollo Mu- seum ; Cod-Fishing on Banks of Newfound- land (183!)), Rouen Museum ; Frigate Vir- ginie attacking English Squadron, Rochefort Museum ; Incident in Battle of Navarino (1853), Nantes Museum ; Porpoise-Fishing, Cherbourg Museum ; View of the Furnes Canal (1855), Marseilles Museum. -Bollier de la Cliavignerie, i. 007 ; Lrirousso ; Le- jeunc, Guide, iii. 105 ; Art Journal (185S), 24. GARXIER, ETIENNE BARTHELEMY, born in Paris, Aug. 24, 1759, died Nov. l(i, 184!). French school ; history and portrait painter, pupil of Duramcau, Doyen, and Vien, studied afterwards in Rome ; painted scenes from Greek and Roman history and mythology, in the shallow theatrical pathos of his time, but with skill and effective col- ouring. Member of Institute in 181(! ; L. of Honour, 1828. Works : Nebuchadnezzar causing the Children of /edekiah to be Killed (1787), Mans Museum ; Desolation of Priam's Family (1800), ordered by the Director}' ; Roman Charity, Diana appear- ing to Hercules (1801); Napoleon (1808); Burial of Dagobert (1814), Sacristy of St. Denis ; Eponina and Sabinus (1814), Angers Museum ; Procession of St. Charles Borro- meo during the Plague at Milan (1827), Church of St. Germain ; St. Louis arbitrat- ing between the King of England and his Barons (1827); Reception of the Duke of Angouleme at Chartres on his Return from Spain (1831); Entry of Duke and Duchess I of Angouleme into Chartres, 1823 (1827), Chartres Museum ; Portrait of Cardinal Maury (1838). Avignon Museum ; Marriage Ceremony of Napoleon and Marie Louise (1840), Versailles Museum. Bellier de la Cliavignerie, i. CIO ; Larousse ; Lejeune, Guide, iii. 105. GARNIER, JULES ARSfcNE, born in Paris, Jan. 22, 1847. Genre painter, stud- ied first in Toulouse, then pupil of Gi'rome in Paris ; travelled in Holland, Spain, and Morocco, paints mediaeval subjects with ex- treme archicological accuracy. Works : The Bather, Mile, de Sombreuil drinking a Glass of Blood (1809); Adam's Dream, Jus Primre Noctis (1872); Vassals' Taxes Debris (1873); Lo Roi s'anmso (1874); Execution in Kith Century, Nude Female Figure (1875); Pun- ishment of Adultery in Middle Ages (1870); Stranded (Joods, The Favourite (1877); Lib- erator of the Territory (1878); Village Fes- tival, Temptation (1879); Rabelais, the Par- son of Meudon (18HO); Distribution of Standards, July 14, 1880 (1881); Reveil (1KS2); Truth (1883); Jolly Drinkers (after Rabelais's Gargantua, 1884). Miiller, 193; Meyer, C'onv. Lex., xviii. 381. GAROFALO, IL, born in Ferrara in 1481, died there, Sept. fi, 1559. Lombard-Fer- rarese school. Real name Benvenuto di Piero Tisi, but called Garofalo (Gilliflower) from his use of that flower as a device. Pupil of Domenico Panetti, of Niccolo Sori- ani, and of Boccacini, from whose studio he ran away to Rome (1499) and studied about a year under Giovanni Barrini. In 1502 he was in Mantua, where he must have remained four years if, as Vasari says, he studied with Lorenzo Costa, who entered the service of the Gonzagas in 1500. In 1508 he went again to Rome and became intimate with Raphael. Later he worked at Ferrara for Duke Alfonso, in whose palace (Scrofa Cal- cagnini) he decorated a hall with mytholog- ical subjects. Other pictures in Ferrara : Old and New Testament, Adoration of the Maiji (1537), (Jhriyt in the Garden, Massacre of the Innocents, Madonna del Pilastro, Ma- 110
