HONIXGIIAUS his drawing correct and his colouring more harmonious. Works : Sow defending her Young, Rotterdam Museum ; Christ as Gardener (1GG2), Oldenburg Gallery ; Noc- turnal Carnival Scene in Rome (1660), Dogs starting Swan (1670), do. chasing Water- Fowl (2), Bear-hunts (2), Schwerin Gallery ; Boar-hunt (1661), Dresden Museum ; Wounded Heron pursued by Dogs, Avignon Museum ; Starting for the Chase, Utti/.i, Florence ; Wild Boar attacked by Dogs, Bear do., Rotterdam Museum ; Swan at- tacked by Dogs, Glasgow Gallery ; Party of Ladies and Officers (1668), Guard-House, Bear-Hunt, Stag- Hunt, Hermitage, St. Petersburg; Boar-Hunt, New York Museum. Allgem. d. Biogr., xiii. (Ill ; Kugler (Crowe), ii. 455 ; Burger, ii. 313 ; Immerzeel, ii. 48. HONINGHAUS, ADOLF, born at Cre- feld, Rhenish Prussia, in 1811. Landscape painter, pupil of Diisseldorf Academy under Schirmer ; went in 1843 to Italy, where he studied from nature four years ; removed to Dresden in 1853. Works : View of Terra- ciua (1851), Diisseldorf Gallery ; St. Peter's and the Vatican (1852), Cologne Museum. Miiller, 265. HONORIUS, Jean Paul Lnunw, D. (). Mills, New York ; canvas, H. G ft. x 4 ft. The Emperor Honorius, son of Theodosius the Great, who became Emperor of the West on the death of his father, A.I>. 395. Repre- sented crowned, in a purple robe, seated upon a throne, with the sword of state in his right hand, and his left hand resting on the globe crested with Victory. Salon, 1880. Art Treas. of Amer., ii. 110. HONTHORST, GERARD VAN, born at Utrecht, Nov. 4, 1590, died there, April 27, 1656. Dutch school ; history, genre, and portrait painter, pupil of Abraham Bloc- mart, but spent several years in Rome, where he studied the pictures of Caravaggio, and found a patron in the Marchese Giusti- niani. As he painted many night scenes lighted by torches or candles, he was sur- named Gherardo dalle Notti. After his re- turn lie worked (1619-20) at the court of King Frederic; in Prague, Liter for Charles I. in England, where in 1(128 he exe- cuted portraits and historical paintings for the Banqueting Hall, Whitehall. He was fret; of the Utrecht guild in 1G2:), and at The Hague in l(i:'>7. In 1G45 50 he worked chiefly for the princes of Orange, but also painted a series of pictures from Danish history for the King of Denmark, and in his later years a number of portraits for Frederick William, Elector <>f Brandenburg. His early pictures are preferable to those painted after his journey to Italy (1612- 15), where he imitated Caravaggio and Correggio in his night pieces, Rubens in his historical paintings, and Mierevelt in his portraits. He worked very rapidly. His numerous works are markedly realistic, show skilful arrangement, good drawing, and pow- erful chiaroscuro, but they are deficient in elevation. Works : Lute-Player (1614). Con- cert (1G24), Pilate washing his Hands, Young Shepherd, Triumph of Silenus, Man tuning Mandoline, two portraits, Louvre ; St. Mary Magdalen, Bordeaux Museum ; Soldier sleep- ing on a Drum, Aremberg Gallery, Brussels ; Portrait of Stadhouder Willem II., Portraits of two young Princesses (165:1), do. of Fred- eric William I. Elector of Brandenburg and 1 Louise Henriettc of Nassau, do. of Prince Frederik Hendrik and Wife, Nude Child plucking Pears, Hague Museum ; Merry Musician, Portrait of Princess Amalia van Solms (1650), do. of Prince Frederik Hen- drik, do. of Princo Willem II. (2), Museum, Amsterdam; Maria de' Medici (1638), New Town Hall, ib.; Tete-a-tete, Soldier Male Portrait ( 1G47), Rotterdam Museum ; Singer, 2S7
