PAN PAN AND SYRINX, Rubens, Bucking- ham Palace ; wood, H. 1 ft, 8 in. x 2 ft. 2 in. Pan pursuing the nymph Syrinx, who is seeking shelter among a cluster of reeds in a stream ; background, a woody land- scape. Collection of V. Porter (1810), 1,000 guineas. Smith, ii. 220; AVaagen, Treasures, ii. 2. PAN^ENUS, painter, brother or nephew of Phidias, about middle of 5th century B.C. Strabo says (viii., iii. 30) that he aided Phidias in ornamenting his statue of Zeus at Olympia with colour, and that many ad- mirable pictures of his were shown around the temple. From Pau- sanias (v. 11) we learn that the following subjects were represented on three sides of the parapet about the base of the statue : Atlas with the Earth on his Shoulders ; Theseus and Peirithoiis ; Hellas and Sal- amis ; Hercules overcoming the Nemean Lion ; Ajax insulting Cassandra ; Hip- podameia ; Pro m e t h ens Bound ; Penthesilia Expir- ing ; and two of the Hes- perides with the Golden Apples. Pausanias (i. 15) also describes a large pict- ure in the Pcecile at Ath- ens, representing the Battle of Marathon, which Pliny says (xxxv. 34 [57]) was the work of Panaenus, though ascribed by oth- ers to Micon. Bottiger, Arch. d. Malerei, 243-251. PANETTI, DOMENICO DI GASPARO, born in Ferrara about 1460, died in 1511- 12. Lombard-Ferrarese school ; first efforts dry and feeble ; was the early master of Garofalo, but became his pupil when the latter returned from Rome (1591), bringing with him the style of Raphael. In Panetti's later works he resembles Costa in his Um- brian phase. AVorks : Madonna, Duomo, Ferrara ; Dead Christ and the Marys, Ber- lin Museum ; Annunciation and Aasitation, Ferrara Gallery ; Organ Shutters, S. Andrea, Ferrara ; St. Andrew, Ferrara Gallery ; Pieta, Berlin Museum. C. k C., N. Italy, i. 552; Vasari, ed. Mil., vi. 458; Cittadella, Doc., etc., Art. Ferrarese, 4G ; Liibke, Gesch. ital. Mai., i. 485. PANICALE. See Maaolino. PANNINI, GIOVANNI PAOLO, born at Piacenza about 1G95, died iu Home, Oct. 21, 17G8. Roman school ; pupil in Rome of Benedetto Luti and of Andrea Lucatelli ; painted many remains of ancient edifices in and around Rome. Member of Roman School of Pan, Luca Signoreili, Palazzo Corsi, Florence. Academy and of French Institute (1732). Neither his interiors nor his exteriors can be depended on for accuracy, as he treated them sim- ply as material for picturesque effect, sometimes even combining parts of different edifices and introducing imaginary accesso- ries. Looked at, however, from the painter's point of view, Pannini's pictures are often strikingly ef- 3t>9
