PHILOSOPHY graved by Paradisi. Smith, ii. 149 ; Gal. j ful followers of Titian, although he imitated du Pal. Pitti, i. PI. 84. Giorgione also, and afterwards studied at PHILOSOPHY, Raphael, Camera della Brescia under Eomanino ; settled at Lodi Seguatura, Vatican ; fresco, medallion of about 1529, and in 1539 went to Spain and ceiling. Female figure seated on a marble painted in the Escorial, and thence to Lis- throne-chair ; symbolical representations of bon, where he was the recipient of great the four elements are woven into her dress, ' honours. His earlier works are distinguished and on her knees are books entitled " Na- for grand conception and powerful colour- turalis et Moralis ; " two genii stand by, ing, but in his latter years he became flat holding inscribed tablets. Painted in 1512 probably entirely by Raphael. Engraved and mannered. His masterpiece is an As- sumption (1533), in the parish church at by 13. Audran ; 11. Morghen ; and others. | Codogno, said to be worthy of the ablest dis- Passavant, ii. 88 ; Miintz, 311, 310, 350. ; ciple of that school. Other works : Visita- By Raphael (fresco). See School of Ath- ; tion of Mary (1521), S. Maria in Calchera, ens. ; Brescia ; Nativity (1524), S. Clemente, ib. ; PHILOXENUS, painter, of Eretria, pupil Daughter of Herodias (152(5), Vienna Muse- of Nicomachus, probably about 330 ji.c. He um ; Massacre of the Innocents, Cathedral, painted for King Cassander a picture of one ' Lodi ; Beheading of (1530), and four other of the battles between Alexander and Dari- ; Episodes in Life of St. John, Pieta (1538), us, which, says Pliny (xxxv. 3G [110]), was j Mysteries of the Passion, Life of the Vir- inferior to none. A grotesque picture rep- gin, S. Maria Incoronata, ib ; Madonna En- resenting three Sileni at their revels was al- throned, St. Stephen crowned by Angels, so his work. Marriage at Cana (1545), Brera, Milan. His PHRYLUS, painter. See Erillux. brothers Cesare and Scipione were also PHRYNE GOING TO THE BATH AS painters. A Madonna (ascribed to Cesare VENUS, Joseph M. . Turner, National da Sesto) is in the Turin Gallery. C. <fc C., Gallery, London ; canvas, H. 6 ft. 4 in. x 5 N. Italy, ii. 432 ; Kunstbl. (1838), No. 75 ; ft. 5 in. An extensive landscape, with baths Lanzi (Roscoe), ii. 188; Liibke, Gesch. ital. in middle distance, and a crowd of figures Mai., ii. 022; Nagler, xi. 252. in foreground; among them, on right, PIAZZETTA, GIOVANNI BATTISTA, Phryne as Venus in her chariot ; on left born in Venice in 1G82, died there, April foreground, Demosthenes taunted by ^Es- 28, 1754. Venetian school ; pupil of Anto- chiues. Royal Academy, 1838 ; Turner Col- nio Molinari, a mediocre painter ; afterwards lection. Engraved by J. B. Allen. Hamer- ton, Life ; Cat. Nat, Gal. PHRYNE BEFORE THE TRIBUNAL, studied the works of Guercino and adopted his system of chiaroscuro and bold relief. Among the last of the Venetian painters of Jean Leon Gerome,, Paris ; canvas. Phryiie, , any note. Among his best works are : Glo- accused by Euthias of a capital crime, was ry of St. Dominick, in SS. Giovanni e Paolo, defended by one of her lovers, the orator Venice ; and the Decollation of St. John, Hyperides. When his eloquence failed to Santo, Padua. move the judges, he bade her unveil her Most of his charms and thus secured her acquittal. Sa- works have Ion, 18G1. Engraved by Flameng. Gaz. ' been engraved. Ch. Blanc, Ecole veni- des B. Arts (1861), x. 266. PIAZZA, CALLISTO, born at Lodi, died there in 1561 (?). Venetian school ; history tienne, Appendice, 48 ; Burckhardt, 799. PICHON, PIERRE AUGUSTE, born at Soreze (Tarn), Dec. 6, 1805. History and painter, son and pupil of Martino Piazza portrait painter, pupil of Ingres. Medals ; (died in 1527), and one of the most success- ! 3d class, 1843 ; 2d class, 1844 ; 1st class, 137
