Interior of Hall in Palazzo Ducale, S. Lazzaro in Venice, New Pinakothek, Munich; Convent S. Martino in Piedmont (1857), National Gallery, Berlin; Devotees before Shrine on Spanish Coast (1837), Kunsthalle, Hamburg.—Brockhaus, vii. 453; Faber, iv. 246; Müller, 190.
GAILLOT, BERNARD, born at Versailles,
Feb. 17, 1780, died in Paris, June 17, 1847.
History painter, pupil of David. Medal, 2d
class, 1817. Works: Cornelia, Mother of
the Gracchi (1817); Conversion of St. Augustine
(1819), Vision of St. Monica (1822),
Préfecture de la Seine, Paris; St. Louis
with the Crown of Thorns (1824), Sens Cathedral;
others in Versailles Museum.
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GAINSBOROUGH, THOMAS, born at
Sudbury, Suffolk,
baptised May 14,
1727, died in London,
Aug. 2, 1788,
British school;
went to London in
1741, and became
a pupil of Gravelot,
the French engraver;
then of Francis
Hayman, with
whom he studied drawing. After an unsuccessful
struggle as a portrait and landscape
painter in London, he returned home
in 1744 or 1745, and in 1760 settled in
Bath, where he devoted himself chiefly to
portraiture; in 1774 he went again to London,
and won such a reputation that he was
considered the rival of Reynolds in portrait,
and of Wilson in landscape, painting. In
1766 he became a member of the Society of
Artists, and he was one of the foundation
members (1768) of the Royal Academy. Sir
Joshua Reynolds observes of him: "Whether
he most excelled in portraits, landscapes, or
fancy pictures, it is difficult to determine,"
and Ruskin calls him "the purest colourist
of the English school." His pictures command
high prices. Works: Market Cart,
Watering Place (2), Musidora, Rustic Children,
The Brook, and portraits of Mrs. Siddons,
Ralph Schomberg, Edward Orpin the Parish
Clerk, Sir Henry Bate Dudley, Bart., National
Gallery, London; Lord Amherst, G.
Coleman, Marquis Cornwallis, National Portrait
Gallery; Blue Boy (1779), Cottage
Door, Peasant's Family, Fisherman's Family,
Grosvenor House; Mrs. Sheridan and
Mrs. Tickell, Mr. Linley and his Grandsons
Samuel and Thomas, J. P. Loutherbourg,
R.A., Mrs. Moody and her Children, Dulwich
Gallery; Hon. Mrs. Graham, National
Gallery, Edinburgh; Miss Haverfield, Portrait
of a Lady, Hertford House; portrait
of himself, Royal Academy; Daughters of
George III., sketch for Blue Boy, South
Kensington Museum; portrait of his wife,
W. Sharpe; portrait of himself, of Lady
Mary Bowlby, and Gainsborough Dupont,
George Richmond, R.A.; Cows in Meadow,
Bridgewater House; Young Girl, Stafford
House; Family of Country People, Wynn
Ellis Collection; Landscape, Baring Collection;
Johann Christian Fischer the composer,
Col. St. Leger, and others, Hampton
Court; Miss McGill, Cobham Hall;
two portraits, Arundel Castle; Landscape,
Petworth; Duke of Argyll (1779); Harvest
Wagon, Lord Tweedmouth; John Duke
of Bedford, Blenheim; Cattle in Landscape,
Bowood; Peasants going to Market,
Stourhead House; Duke and Duchess of
Montague, Duckwith Palace; Landscapes
with Cattle (2), Belvoir Castle; Lady Chatham,
Orwell Park; Duchess of Devonshire
(1775), Earl Spencer, Althorp; Landscape,
Historical Society, New York. Other of
the 220 portraits by him, are: George
III. (8), Pitt (7), Garrick (5), Lord Chancellor
Camden, Sir William Blackstone,
Johnson, Sterne, Richardson, Clive, Burke,
Sheridan, Windham, Franklin, Canning,
Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, Lady Vernon,
Lady Maynard, and the Bishops of
Worcester and Ferns. A collection of 216
of Gainsborough's works were exhibited at
the Grosvenor Gallery, London, in 1885.—Pratt,
Life (London, 1788); Thicknesse, Life
(London, 1788); Fulcher, Life (London,
