great reputation; in 1766 was called to Dresden as court-painter and professor at the Academy. There he developed an extraordinary activity, painted temporarily also in Berlin and Leipsic, besides making excursions into Southern Germany and Switzerland. According to his own statement, he painted, in 1766-73, 943 portraits and family groups, besides copying old masters for the Russian court and for his own improvement. Works: Portrait of Frederic Augustus of Saxony, do. (3) of himself, of Gellert, and six others, Dresden Gallery; do. of the Actor Eckhoff (1774), Gotha Museum; do. of the Painter Zingg, Saint Gall Museum; seven portraits, Leipsic Museum; six do., Weimar Museum; two do., Zürich Gallery; two do., National Gallery, Berlin; two do., Kunsthalle, Hamburg; Prince Friedrich Albrecht of Anhalt, Brunswick Museum; portraits of himself in Old Pinakothek, Munich, and Christiania Museum; do. of Lessing, Herder, Schiller, Moses Mendelssohn, Weisse, Ramler, Sulzer (Berne Museum), Hagedorn, Tiedge, Gluck, Chodowiecky, King Frederic William II. His son, Karl Anton (born in Dresden, March 10, 1774, died there, March 9, 1832), was an able landscape painter, pupil of Zingg in Dresden.—Allgem. d. Biogr., ix. 565; Brockhaus, viii. 269; Muther, Ant. Graff, sein Leben, etc. (Leipsic, 1881).
GRÄFLE, ALBERT, born at Freiburg,
Baden, May 2, 1809. History and portrait
painter, pupil of Munich Academy under
Cornelius and Schnorr; and in Paris in 1840
under Winterhalter; returned to Munich,
went in 1848 to Alsace, where he painted
portraits, then to England, again to Paris,
and settled in Munich in 1852. Medal,
Paris, 3d class, 1846. Works: Madonna,
Triumphal Procession of Arminius, Carlsruhe
Gallery; altarpieces in Lahr and Dundenheim,
Baden; Four Seasons, Royal Palace,
Carlsruhe; Procession in Dachau;
Intimate Friends at Beethoven's; Dance of
Elves; Woman with a Rose, Provinzial Museum,
Hanover; portraits of Queen Victoria
and Family, Princess of Wales, Crown Prince
and Crown Princess of Prussia, Grand Duchess
Louise of Baden, Emperor Maximilian
and Empress of Mexico.—Müller, 216.
GRAHAM, JOHN, born in Scotland in
1754, died at Edinburgh in 1817. History
painter, first apprenticed to a coach painter
in Edinburgh, then in London pupil at the
Royal Academy, where he exhibited from
1780 to 1797. Appointed in 1798 master
of Trustees' Academy in Edinburgh, where
he had among his pupils Wilkie, Allan,
Burnett, and Gordon. Works: Daniel in
Lions' Den (1780); Una (1783); Ceres in
Search of Proserpine (1786); Escape of Mary
Stuart from Lochleven (1788), Portrait of an
Alderman, Stationers' Hall, London; Mary
Stuart before Execution (1792); David instructing
Solomon (1797); The Disobedient
Prophet, National Gallery, Edinburgh.
GRAHAM, MARY, portrait, Thomas
Gainsborough, National Gallery, Edinburgh;
canvas. The Honourable Mrs. Graham, wife
of Thomas Graham, of Balgowan, afterwards
Lord Lynedoch; full length, standing.
Painted in 1778; after death of Lord Lynedoch
(1843), came into possession of Robert
Graham of Redgorton, who bequeathed it
in 1859 to National Gallery. Study for the
head in same Gallery. Etched by Waltner;
C. O. Murray in Portfolio.—Brock-Arnold,
Biog. Great Artists, 50; Portfolio (1880),
2; Athenæum, Aug., 1869, 250.
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GRAHAM, PETER, born in Edinburgh
in 1836. Landscape
painter, pupil of
School of Design,
Edinburgh; removed
to London in 1866;
elected an A.R.S.A.
in 1860, but resigned
in 1877, when he was
made an honourable
member; A.R.A. in
1877, R.A. in 1882.
Paints chiefly Highland scenes with cattle,
and rocky shores. Works: Spate in the
Highlands (1866), Hermon sale, 1882, £787;
