Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings (IA cyclopediaofpain02cham).pdf/267

he accompanied the Turkish expedition to Asia Minor, Palestine, and Persia, was made a Bey by the Sultan; visited Egypt, Nubia, and Abyssinia in 1847, and returned to Berlin in 1848 via Italy, France, Spain, and England. In 1855 he moved to Dresden. Works: Street in Cairo; Plain of Thebes; Street in Bagdad; View of Sidon; View on White Nile; View on Red Sea; Colossus of Memnon; Coast of Paphos in Cyprus; View on Lake Como; Canal in Venice; Acropolis at Athens; Temple of Isis on Isle of Philæ; Theatre of Taormina; Forum at Rome; Temple of Vesta; Tivoli from Neptune's Grotto; Posilippo.—Müller, 254.

HERRERA, ALONZO DE, living at Segovia in 1579, intimate friend of El Mudo. Spanish school. In 1590 he painted, for the high altar of the Church of Villa-Castin, six pictures illustrating the life of Christ, which were ruined in 1734 by a bungling restorer.—Cean Bermudez; Stirling, i. 290.

HERRERA, FRANCISCO DE, el Viejo (the elder), born in Seville about 1576, died in Madrid in 1656. Spanish school; pupil of Luis Fernandez, but disdaining to imitate him, adopted a free bold style, and became one of the most original and famous artists of his time in Spain. He painted many religious compositions, and attracted numerous students, among whom was Velasquez, but his temper was so violent that he was abandoned by even his children. Accused of coining false money, he took refuge in the Jesuits' College, Seville, where he painted a noble altarpiece, St. Hermengild in Glory, now in the Seville Museum. Philip IV. on seeing this picture granted him a free pardon. In 1650 he settled in Madrid. Other works: Last Judgment, S. Bernardo, Seville; St. Peter, Cathedral, ib.; St. Basil, Museum, ib.; Israelites gathering Manna, Moses smiting the Rock, Marriage at Cana, Miracle of Loaves and Fishes, Archbishop's Palace, ib.; St. Augustine and Church Fathers, St. Jerome and do., Montpensier Collection, ib.; St. Basil Dictating, Louvre; St. Matthew, Dresden Museum. He also executed many frescos, of which but few remain. His eldest son, called El Rubis, was an artist of merit, but died young.—Ch. Blanc, École espagnole; Stirling, i. 454; Viardot, 191.

HERRERA, FRANCISCO DE, el Mozo (the younger), born in Seville in 1622, died in Madrid in 1685. Spanish school; son and pupil of Francisco de Herrera, el Viejo, from whom he ran away and went to Rome, where he learned to paint still-life, especially fish, so well that he was called Il Spagnuolo degli Pesci. Returning to Seville on the death of his father, he painted several large altarpieces for churches. In 1660 he aided in founding the Academy at Seville, of which Murillo was chosen president and Herrera second or vice-president; but, displeased at this inferior position, he went in 1661 to Madrid, where he became painter to Philip IV. and superintendent of the royal works (1671). Named royal painter to Charles II. Though possessed of considerable mechanical facility, Herrera did not inherit much of his father's genius; he coloured with some brilliancy, but his drawing and his composition are alike affected. Works: Triumph of St. Hermengild, Madrid Museum; two landscapes, Montpensier Gallery, Seville; Saints appearing to St. Dominick, Hermitage, St. Petersburg.—Ch. Blanc, École espagnole; Madrazo, 411; Stirling, ii. 936; Viardot, 191.

HERRERA BARNUEVO, SEBASTIANO DE. born in Madrid in 1619, died there in 1671. Spanish school; history painter, pupil of A. Cano, worked especially for the Escorial. Works: St. Barnabas, St. Jerome