- ik, xi. 90; Illustr. Zeitg. (1875), ii. 483;
Rosenberg, Berl. Malersch., 171.
HOSKINS, JOHN, died in London in
February, 1664. Painted first in oil, but
afterwards devoted himself to miniature, in
which he excelled. Painted Charles I., his
queen, and many of the nobility. His
nephews, Alexander and Samuel Cooper,
were his pupils. His Prince Rupert, painted
on card (3 in. × 2-1/4 in.) is in the National
Portrait Gallery, London.—Redgrave.
HOSTEIN, ÉDOUARD JEAN MARIE,
born in Pléhédel (Côtes-du-Nord), Sept.
30, 1804. Landscape painter. A once admired
but now forgotten painter of views
from the northwestern coast of France, the
Rhine, Switzerland, and Italy. Medals:
3d class, 1835; 2d class, 1837; 1st class,
1841; L. of Honour, 1845. Works: Fishing
Vessels at Grandville, Valley of Ile-Adam
(1835); The Meuse, Abbey of Val-Dieu
(1837); Forest of Saverne (1838),
Lyons Museum; View on Lake of Geneva
(1840), Amiens Museum; Fir-Trees of the
Black Forest, Ruins at Baden-Baden, Lake
Nemi, Cottage at Touque (1840); Valley
of the Saône (1844), Avignon Museum;
Forest of Compiègne, Valley of Pierrefonds,
Camp of St. Maur, Plain of Ariccia, Girls
bathing in a River (1834 to 1853); The
Seine (1855); Toulon, Pine Woods (1857);
Versailles (1859); Entry of Charles VII. into
Acquapendente, 1494, Versailles Museum.—Bellier,
i. 776.
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HOUASSE, MICHEL ANGE, called Hovas,
born in Paris in 1680, died at Arpajon
(Seine-et-Oise), Sept. 30, 1730. French
school; history and landscape painter, son
and pupil of Réné Antoine H. Called to
Spain by Philip V., he painted many historical
pictures, landscapes, and portraits.
Member of Paris Academy, 1707. Works:
Two Bacchanals, Holy Family, View of Monastery
of San Lorenzo, two portraits, Madrid
Museum.—Bellier, i. 777.
HOUASSE, RÉNÉ ANTOINE, born in
Paris in 1645, died there, May 27, 1710.
French school; genre and history painter,
pupil and imitator of Lebrun. Member of
Academy, 1673; professor, 1680; director
of French school of art in Rome from 1698
to 1704; then rector and treasurer of the
Academy in Paris. Called to Spain by
Charles II., he executed important works
there, and returned in 1692. Works: The
Virgin's Journey; ceilings in Versailles Museum;
Artist's Portrait (1687), Grenoble
Museum; Female Portrait, Madrid Museum.—Bellier,
i. 777; Jal, 687; Gaz. des
B. Arts (1860), vii. 174; (1864), xvi. 465.
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HOUBRAKEN, ARNOLD, born in Dordrecht
in 1660,
died in Amsterdam
in 1719.
Dutch school;
pupil of Samuel
von Hoogstraten,
and perhaps of
Jacques le Vecq;
fellow-scholar of
the first under
Rembrandt,
about whom he published many absurd
stories. Works: Female Model Posing,
Amsterdam Museum; Ecce Homo, Copenhagen
Gallery; Virginia's Body brought to
Rome, Schleissheim Gallery;
Male Portrait, Städel Gallery,
Frankfort.—Allgem. d. Biogr.,
xiii. 209; Burger, Musées, i. 53; Immerzeel,
ii. 56; Kramm, iii. 753.
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HOUEL, JEAN, born at Rouen in 1735, died in Paris, Nov. 13, 1813. Landscape painter and engraver, pupil of Descamps, Lemire, and Casanova. Is best known as an engraver of Italian subjects. Works: Coast of St. Catherine from Pré-aux-Loups; View of a Cave at Dieppedalle; Gargantua's Seat near Duclair; Hill of St. Catherine, View of the Old Porte Cauchoise in Paris, since demolished, Rouen Museum; Land-
