Useless specific characters, no proof of existence of, 141
Utriculariae inhabiting bromelias, 118
V
Vanessa callirhoe, small variety in Porto Santo, 106
Variability of the lower animals, 42
of the Foraminifera, 43
of sea-anemones, 43
of land mollusca, 43
of insects, 44
of lizards, 46
of birds, 49
of primary wing-feathers, 51
of wings and tail, 53
of Dolichonyx oryzivorus, 55
of Agelaeus phoeniceus, 56
of Cardinalis virginianus, 58
of tarsus and toes, 60
of birds in Leyden Museum, 61
of Sciurus carolinensis, 67
of skulls of wolf, 70
of skulls of a bear, 72
of skulls of Sus cristatus, 73
of plants, 76
of oaks, 77
Variation, Lyell on, 4
in internal organs, 66
the facts of, 83
proofs of generality of, 85
of vegetables and fruits, 86
of apples and melons, 87
under domestication accords with that under nature, 100
coincident not necessary, 127
and heredity, problems of, 410
Professor Geddes's theory of, 428
the cause of, 439
Variations of flowers, 88
of domestic animals, 88
of domestic pigeons, 89
conditions favourable to production of, 98
beneficial, 143
Varieties, importance of, 41
of same species adapted to self or to insect-fertilisation, 330
Vegetables, variation of, 86
Vegetation and reproduction, antagonism of, 428
Vertebrata, mimicry among, 261
geological succession of, 405
Vestiges of Creation, 3
Viola odorata, 2
canina, 2
Violets, as illustrating species, 2
Von Buch on species, 6
W
Wallace, Dr. Alexander, on absence of choice by female moths, 275
Ward, Mr. Lester F., on progressive development of plants, 398
Warning coloration, 232
Warning colours of marine animals, 265
Wasps and bees, mimicry of, 258
poisonous with warning colours, 287
Water-cress, chokes rivers in New Zealand, 24
driven out by willows, 24
Water-ouzels, probable origin of, 116
Weale, Mr. Mansel, on protective colours of butterflies, 206
Weeds of United States, 15
Weir, Mr. Jenner, on deceptive resemblance of a caterpillar to
a twig, 204
on inedibility of conspicuous caterpillars, 236
on birds disregarding inedible larvae, 254
Weismann on progressive adaptation of colours of larva, 206
on non-heredity of acquired characters, 440
and Galton's theories of heredity almost identical, 443 (note)
on origin of the mathematical faculty, (note)
Weismann's theory of heredity, 437
Westwood, Professor, on variation of insects, 44
deceived by a mimicking cricket, 259
White coloration of insular birds and butterflies, 230
Whymper, Mr., his sensations when falling on the Matterhorn, 38
Page:Darwinism by Alfred Wallace 1889.djvu/517
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INDEX
493
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