CHAP. XX.
admonition, Synesius proceeds to inflict the last sentence of ecclesiastical justice[1], which devotes Andronicus, with his associates and their families, to the abhorrence of earth and heaven. The impenitent sinners, more cruel than Phalaris or Sennacherib, more destructive than war, pestilence, or a cloud of locusts, are deprived of the name and privileges of christians, of the participation of the sacraments, and of the hope of paradise. The bishop exhorts the clergy, the magistrates, and the people, to renounce all society with the enemies of Christ; to exclude them from their houses and tables; and to refuse them the common offices of life, and the decent rites of burial. The church of Ptolemais, obscure and contemptible as she may appear, addresses this declaration to all her sister churches of the world; and the profane who reject her decrees, will be involved in the guilt and punishment of Andronicus and his impious followers. These spiritual terrors were enforced by a dexterous application to the Byzantine court; the trembling president implored the mercy of the church; and the descendant of Hercules enjoyed the satisfaction of raising a prostrate tyrant from the ground[2]. Such principles and such examples insensibly prepared the triumph of the Roman pontiffs, who have trampled on the necks of kings.
VI. Freedom of public preaching. VI. Every popular government has experienced the effects of rude or artificial eloquence. The coldest nature is anmiated, the firmest reason is moved, by the rapid communication of the prevailing impulse; and each hearer is affected by his own passions, and by those of the surrounding multitude. The ruin of civil liberty had silenced the demagogues of Athens, and the tribunes of Rome ; the custom of preaching, which seems to constitute a considerable part of christian devotion, had not been introduced into the temples of an-
- ↑ The sentence of excommunication is expressed in a rhetorical style. Synesius, Epist. Iviii. p. 201–203. The method of involving whole families, though somewhat unjust, was improved into national interdicts.
- ↑ See Synesius, Epist. xlvii. p. 186, 187; Epist. Ixxii. p. 218, 218; Epist. Ixxxix. p. 230,231.
