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practised at Hereford, where he built some railway stations ana residences, but is better known by his published works— 4 The Churches of London and Westminster built by Sir Christopher Wren,' 1848-49 ; 'The Ancient-timbered Houses of Eng- land/ He was a fellow of the Institute of British Architects, and read some papers at their meetings. He died 1861.
CLENNELL, Luke, subject painter. Born at Ulgham, near Morpeth, the son of a farmer there, April 8, 1781. He was placed at an early age with a relative who was a grocer, ana assisted in the shop till he was 16. Then his friends were induced by his love of drawing and some attempts at caricature, which ted him into scrapes, to apprentice him for seven years, in 1797, to Bewick, the wood engraver; but, be- tween the grocer and the artist, he was for a short time with a tanner, with whom it was purposed to place him. With Bewick he made great and rapid progress ; he soon drew correctly and well, and was employed to copy on the wood the designs of his fellow-pupil, R. Johnson, for the tail-pieces of the 'Water BirdV and to cut them ; and to these he added some beautiful little sea- pieces and shore-views of his own design. At this time his parents fell into difficulties, and to assist them and provide himself with a little pocket money, ne disposed of some drawings he had made by a raffle. In 1804, shortly after the termination of his appren- ticeship, he came to London, and there married the daughter of Charles Warren, the engraver. He soon found full employ- ment in wood engraving. Among his works are the illustrations of Falconers ' Ship- wreck ; ' Rogers' ' Poems/ from Stothard's designs, perhaps his best work, and full of the very spirit and character of the painter ; the diploma of the Highland Society, from a design by West, P.R.A., for which the Society of Arts gave him their gold medal. All these works were eminently distin- guished by their free and artist-like execu- tion, and by their excellent effect.
But he now resolved to abandon wood engraving. He had formed friendships with artists of celebrity, and his ardent genius led him to painting as a larger field. He already drew beautifully in water- colours, and had made the designs for Walter Scott's ' Border Antiquities.' When the Water-Colour Exhibition was thrown open to the profession, he sent several works in 1813-14 and 1815, and commenc- ing in 1812, was a contributor at the same time to the Royal Academy Exhibitions, sending for the last time, in 1816, ' Bag- gage Waggons in a Thunder Storm' and ' The PedLars/ He entered into competi- tion for the premium of 150 guineas offered by the directors of the British Institution |or the best sketch of the Decisive Charge 66
made by the Life Guards at Waterloo, and was successful. In 1814 he received from the Earl of Bridgewater a commission for a large picture to commemorate the dinner to the allied sovereigns at the Guildhall. London. He had great difficulty, as all painters of such works have, in obtain- ing the portraits of the distinguished guests, ana suffered from many anxieties in the commencement of the work ; but when he had succeeded, and was going on vigor- ously with his picture, his mind suddenly gave way, and m April 1817 he was found to be insane, without any previous symp- toms of his sad malady. After two or three years' confinement in a lunatic asylum in London, his mind so far recovered that restraint became unnecessary. He was sent to his friends in the North, with whom he lived in a state of harmless imbecility, and amused himself with attempts at drawing and wood engraving, and even poetry and music, for he had a fine voice, ana had known Burns and sang his songs. But in 1831 his malady returned; he was again sent to a lunatic asylum, and continued to amuse himself at intervals in the same way. He never recovered his reason. He died at Newcastle-on-Tyne, February 9, 1840, aged 59. When seized with his insanity his family were assisted by the Artists' Fund ; a subscription was also made for them, and Bromley engraved his ' Charge of the Life Guards,' which was published for their be- nefit ; out the sufferings of his young wife produced the same malady in her. soon followed by her death. Clennell had great talent as a landscape painter, readiness of composition — spirited, truthful, and power- ful — his rustic groups admirable, full of character and nature.
CLlSRISSEAU, Charles Louis, archi- tectural draftsman. Was born in Paris in 1722. He painted chiefly in water-colours, and was remarkable for extrordinary fa- cility of execution. He studied many years at Rome, and his drawings of architecture and ruins are highly esteemed, and are well known here. He was induced by Robert Adam to come with him to England, and made many of the drawings for his ' Ruins of Spalatro,' published in 1764. On the bankruptcy of Adam he returned to France, ana published in 1778 his ' Anti- quit§s de France,' followed by the * Monu- mens de Nfmes.' In 1783 he was appointed architect to the Empress of Russia. He exhibited stained, drawings, architectural compositions, ruins, &c, at the Spring Gardens Rooms in 1775-76 and 1790. He died at Paris, January 20, 1820, in his 99th year. He was chevalier of the Legion of Honour and member of the Academy at St. Petersburg.
CLERK, John, Lord Eldin (one of the Scotch Lords of Session), amateur. Be
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