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master's by whom it was incited, in its power and freshness. In 1853, he exhibited at the Academy, ' Life among the Gypsies at Seville,' and at the British Institution, ' A Spanish Gipsy Mother.' In 1854, at the Academy, ' A Letter-writer of Seville ; ' the next year, ' El Paseo,' portraits of two sisters, purchased by the Queen, and, return- ing to a home subject, * Collecting the Offer- tory in a Scotch kirk.' In 1856 he again visited Spain, and that year exhibited ' Agua Fresca ' on one of the bridle roads in Spain,
- A Gipsy Water-carrier in Seville,' ana two
other Spanish scenes. In 1857, * The Pri- son-window in Seville,' a favourite picture, and ' Charity,' Seville.
He was elected an associate of the Aca- demy in 1857, and in the following year exhibited several Spanish subjects, and a
Eortrait of the Prince Consort. In 1859 e became a full member of the Academy. In 1860 he made a third journey to Spain, and was represented at the Academy by a picture painted for her Majesty, 'The Marriage of H.R.H. the Princess Royal ' — a group of portraits, glowing with brilliant colour ; and, continuing Spanish scenes, he in 1863 also exhibited nis portrait subject,
- The House of Commons,' and in the next
year one of his greatest works, ' La Gloria,' a Spanish wake. In 1865 and 1866, also Spanish subjects, with one or two portraits. In the latter year he went to Rome, which resulted in his two pictures of the * Lottery,' and then, with relapsed health, his mind reverted to home scenes, and two Scotch subjects were exhibited on the walls of the Academy in that year. But they were his last and were sent by his friends. Before the exhibition he was struck with paralysis, and though favourable accounts were given of him, he died suddenly, about ten days after the attack, at Campden Hill, Kensing- ton, on February 27, 1867, and was buried in Kensal Green Cemetery. He had attained the first rank in art. His subjects were well conceived and full of truthful charac- ter— carefully studied, well composed, drawn with great vigour, powerful, and broad in execution and light and shade, and brilliant in harmonious colour. His works have secured him a place among the best paint- ers of the English School. Several of his finest pictures have been engraved in the best manner. His collected works were exhibited at the International Exhibition, 1873.
PHILLIPS, Charles, engraver. Was born in 1737, and studied in London. He was employed by Alderman Boydell, about 1765. His best works are in mezzo-tint, but there are some plates by him in the dot manner. He engraved chiefly after the old masters — Parmegiano. Spagnoletto, Rembrandt, Francesco Mola, and others. There is a fine mezzo-tint by him of the
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daughter of Hone, R.A., powerful and luminous in colour.
'PHILLIPS, Thomas, R.A., portrait painter. Was born of respectable parents at Dudley, in Warwickshire, October 18. 1770. He received a good education, ana showing an early love for art, his inclina- tion was encouraged by his parents, who placed him with Mr. Eginton, the well- known glass painter, at Birmingham. At the end of 1790 he came to London to follow art as a profession. He was admitted a student of the Academy, and was for a time employed by Benjamin West, P.R.A., who was then designing the glass windows for St. George's Chapel, Windsor. In 1792, he first appears on the walls of the Aca- demy, his work a ' View of Windsor Castle/ followed next year by an historical attempt, 'The Death of Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury,' and 'Ruth and her Mother-in-law/ In 1794 he exhibited attempts of the same class, with one portrait. He soon appears to have found the scope of his talent, and from this time to 1804, portraiture was his chief pursuit. In this he was not without good rivals ; but he industriously made his way. He removed to George Street, Han- over Square, in the latter year, and was elected an associate, and in 1808 a member of the Royal Academy. His presentation picture, ' Venus and Adonis,' was the last of his creative subjects.
Sitters of eminence now came to him. In 1806 he painted the Prince of Wales, the Marchioness of Stafford, the Stafford family, and Lord Egremont, who was his friend through life. He had established a reputation. His portraits were numerous ; they were characterised by simplicity of style and truthful finish, solid, and care- fully executed, and he has preserved to us many of the most distinguished in literature and art, among them, perhaps the best portrait of Lord Byron. In 1824 he was elected the Academy Professor of Painting, and visited Italy, in company with his friend Hilton. R.A., to prepare for his new duties. His lectures embraced a history of painting, invention, design, composition, colour, light and shade, and the duty of art as a teacher. These lectures were pub- lished in 1832. He wrote several articles connected with the fine arts for Rees' ' En- cyclopedia.' He'.was one of the chief pro- moters of the General Benevolent Institu- tion. He died April 20, 1845, at his house in George Street, where he had dwelt 41 years. He left two daughters and two sons, one of whom followed successfully his profession.
PHILLIPS, Henry Wyndham, por- trait painter. Son of the above, and studied his art under his father. He first appears an exhibitor in 1839, and was from that year to 1868 a constant contributor to the
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