sitions maintained in them, namely, first, that God
the Word is unchangeable ((
Greek characters)),
secondly, that his union with the human nature is
without confusion ((Greek characters)),
and, thirdly, that the divine nature of the Saviour
is incapable of suffering ((Greek characters)). The work displays great learning
and power, with a moderation which made it as
displeasing to the Nestorians as it was to the Eutychians : (3) A work against heresies in general,
entitled (Greek characters), or, Haereticarum Fabularum Epitome, in five books, addressed to Sporacius. In this work, which seems
to have been written after the end of the Nestorian and Eutychian disputes, he not only uses, with
regard to other heretics, the intolerant language
which was common in that age, but he speaks of
Nestorius in terms of bitterness which cannot be
defended, and which occur again in a special work
against Nestorius, addressed to the same Sporacius. The wannest admirers of Theodoret must
lament that, after the contest was over, he took such
means to set himself right with his former oppo-
nents : (4) Twenty-seven books against various
propositions of the Eutychians ((Greek characters)). an abstract of which is supplied
by Photius. (Bibl. Cod. 46.)
IV. The chief of his remaining works are : (1)
An apologetic treatise, intended to exhibit the con-
firmations of the truth of Christianity contained in
the Gentile philosophy, under the title of (Greek characters), Graecarum Affedionum Curatio ; seu, Evangelicae Veritatis ea Gentilium Philosophia Cognitio: (2) Ten Orations on Providence ((Greek characters)) : (3) Various Orations, Homilies, and minor treatises : (4)
One hundred and eighty-one letters, which are of
the greatest importance for the history of Theodoret and his times.
There are only two complete editions of the works of Theodoret. both of very great excellence; but the later having the advantage of containing all that is good, and correcting much that is faulty, in its prodecessor. The first is that edited by the Jesuits Jac. Sirmond and Jo. Garnier, in five volumes folio, Paris, 1642—1684: the first four volumes, by Sirmond, contain the bulk of the works of Theodoret in Greek and Latin; and the fifth, some minor works and fragments omitted by Sirmond, together with Gamier's five dissertations on (1) the History, (2) the Books, (3) the Faith of Theodoret, (4) on the fifth General Council, (5) on the Cause of Theodoret and the Orientals. The faults of these valuable treatises have been already mentioned. The other edition, founded on the former, is that of Lud. Schuize and J. A. Noesselt, Halae Sax. 1769—1774, 5 vols, in 10 parts 8vo. For an account of the editions of separate works, see Hotfmann, Lexicon Bibliogr. Scriptorum Graecorum.
(Garnier, Dissertationes, in vol. 5 of Schulze's edition; Tillemont, Mém. vol. xiv.; Cave, Hist. Litt. s. a. 423, pp. 405, foil., ed. Basil. ; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. vii. pp. 429, foil., vol. viii. pp. 277, foil.; Schulze, De Vita et Scriptis B. Theodoreti Dissertatio prefixed to vol. i. of his edition; Neander, Geschichte der Christl. Relig. u. Kirche, vol. ii. passim ; Schröckh, Christliche Kirchengeschichte, vol xviii. pp. 355, foil.)
A few insignificant ecclesiastics of the name are mentioned by Fabricius. (Bibl. Graec, vol. viii. pp. 307, 308.) [P. S.]
THEODORICUS or TIIEODERICUS I., king of the Visigoths from A.D. 418[1] to 451, was the successor of Wallia, but appears to have been the son of the great Alaric. (Gibbon, Decline and Fall, c. XXXV. note 10.) Not content with the limits of his dominions, Theodoric broke the peace which existed between the Visigoths and the Romans, took several places in Gaul, and laid siege to Aries in A.D. 425. He was, however, obliged to retire on the approacli of Aëtius, with whom he concluded a peace ; and he then turned his arms against the Vandals in Spain, upon receiving a sufficient subsidy from the Roman general. Theodoric however was only waiting for a favourable opportunity to attack the Romans again; and accordingly, while the Burgundians invaded the Belgic provinces, Theodoric laid siege to Narbonne in A.D. 436. Aetius displayed his usual activity; he defeated the Burgundians in battle, and sent Litorius to oppose Theodoric. The inhabitants of Narbonne had resisted many months all the efforts of Theodoric to take the town; but they were reduced to the last extremities of famine, when Litorius, in the following year (A.D. 437) cut his way through the entrenchments of the besiegers. The siege was immediately raised ; and Aetius, who arrived shortly afterwards, defeated Theodoric with great slaughter, and obliged him to retire into his own dominions. The Gothic king was now obliged to act on the defensive ; and Aetius, on his return to Italy, left Litorius at the head of an army, chiefly consisting of Huns, to prosecute the war. Unable to resist the Romans in the field, Theodoric retired to Toulouse, where he was be- sieged by Litorius in A.D. 439. Despairing of success, Theodoric now endeavoured to obtain a peace by the mediation of his Christian bishops ; but Litorius, confident of success, and relying upon the predictions of the pagan augurs, that he should enter the Gothic capital in triumph, refused all the proposals which were repeatedly made him. The presumption of Litorius appears to have made him careless. The Goths availed themselves of a favourable opportunity, sallied out of their city, and, after a long and obstinate battle, defeated the Roman army, made their general prisoner, and conducted him in triumph through the streets of Toulouse. This victory turned the fortune of the war; and the whole of the country as far as the Rhone lay exposed to the ravages of the barbarians. Avitus, who was then praefectus praetorio in Gaul, had no army to resist the Visigoths, and accordingly entered into negotiations with Theodoric, which ended in a peace, the terms of which are not related, but which must have been in favour of the bar- barians. This last peace between Theodoric and the Romans does not appear to have been inter- rupted. Theodoric had sought to strengthen his power by giving one of his daughters in marriage to the eldest son of Genseric, king of the Vandals in Africa ; but Genseric, who suspected that his son's wife had conspired to poison him, ignominiously deprived her of her nose and ears, and sent her back in this mutilated condition to her father at Toulouse. To revenge this unpardonable
- ↑ His accession was not in A.D. 419, as is stated by Gibbon and most writers. See Clinton, Fasti Rom. ad ann. 418.
