Page:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (1870) - Volume 3.djvu/1336

her colonies, so that it would be useless and almost im{)ossible to enumerate all the places. The eagle, the oak, and the summits of mountains were sacred to him, and his sacrifices generally consisted of goats, bulls and cows, (Horn. //. ii. 403 ; Aristot. Ethic. V. 10, ix. 2 ; Virg. Aen. iii. 21, ix. 6"27.) His usual attributes are, the sceptre, eagle, thun- derbolt, and a figure of Victory in his hand, and sometimes also a cornucopia. The Olympian Zeus sometimes wears a wreath of olive, and the Dodo- iiaean Zeus a wreath of oak leaves. In works of art Zeus is generally represented as the omnipotent father and king of gods and men, according to the idea which had been embodied in the statue of the Olvmpian Zeus by Pheidias. (Muller, J^nq.iArt and its Rem. §§ 349—351.) [L.» S.] ZEU'XIADES (ZeultaSTjs), artists. 1. A sta- tuary of the school of Lysippus. [Silanion, p. 8 1 8, b.] An interesting confirmation of the truth of the reading of Pliny, adopted in the article re- ferred to, is furnished by an extant inscription on the base of a statue of the orator Hyperides, which was published by Spon {Mincell. p. 137) in the form TET2IAAH5 EIIOIEI (whence Sillig makes an artist Teusiales, Catal.Artif. s.v.) ; but the true reading, ZETEIAAH2, has been established by Visconti {Icon. Grecq. vol. i. p. 272), and adopted by Welcker {KunstUatt, 1827, No. 82, pp. 326— 327) and Raoul-Rochette (Lettre a M. Schorn, p. 413, 2nd ed.). The date of Hyperides (b.c. 3!)6" — 322) agrees with that which must be assigned to Zeuxiades on the testimony of Pliny. [See Si- lanion.) 2. A vase painter, whose name appears on the bottom of a vase in the Canino collection. The letters however are so indistinct as to make the true reading doubtful. Raoul-Rochette reads it ZETHIAAE$, Amati ZV2IAAE^ ; both of which forms are equivalent to Zeu^idS-ns ; but Ottfried Muller could not read the name at all in a fac- simile of the original work. (R. Roche tte, Letire a M. Schorn, pp. 63, 64.) [P. S.] ZEUXIDA'MUS (Zei;|i5aMos). 1. A king of Sparta, and tenth of the Eurypontidae. He was grandson of Theopompus, and father of Anaxida- nms, who succeeded him. (Paus. iii. 7.) 2. A son of Leotychides, king of Sparta. He •was also named Cyniscus. He died before his father, leaving a son, Archidamus II. (Herod, vi. 71 ; Thuc. ii. 47 ; Paus. iii. 7.) [E. E.] ZEUXIPPE (Zev^lTTir-n). 1. A sister of Pa- sithea or Praxithea, was a Naiad and married to Pandion, by vvhom she became the mother of Procne, Philomela, Erechtheus and Butes, ( Apollod. iii. 14. § 8 ; comp. Butes.) 2. A daughter of Lamedon, and the wife of Sicyon, by whom she was the mother of Chthono- phvle. (Paus. ii. 6. § 2.) [L. S.] ZEUXIPPUS (ZeuliTTTTos), a son of Apollo, by the nymph Syllis, was king of Sicyon. ( Paus. ii. 6. §3.) [L. S.] ZEUXIPPUS (ZeuliTTTTos), a Boeotian, one of the partisans of the Romans. When Brachyllas was made Boeotarch he and some others betook themselves to T. Quinctius at Elatea, and gained his sanction for the assassination of Brachyllas, which they accomplished with the aid of Alexa- menus, the general of the Aetolians, who provided them with the instruments for eflPecting their nefa- rious project. (Liv. xxxiii. 27, 28 ; Polyb. xviii. 26.) Zeuxippus at first put a bold face upon the ZEUXIS. matter, taking part in the investigation that en- sued that he might divert suspicion from himselC Some who were put to the torture, falling in with the suspicion entertained by man}', charged Zeux- ippus and Pisistratus with the crime. Zeuxippus fled by night to Tanagra, and alarmed lest inform- ation should be given by one of his slaves, who was privy to the whole affair, removed from Tana- gra to Anthedon, thinking the latter a safer place. During his exile he did the Romans some good service in their wars with Antiochus and Philip- pus. The Roman senate, in return, complied with a request which he made to them, and wrote to the Boeotians requesting his recall. With this request, however, the Boeotians did not comply, fearing lest it should occasion a breach between themselves and Macedonia, and they sent an embassy to Rome intimating their intention. Zeuxippus himself came to Rome at the same time, and the Romans charged the Aetolians and Achaeans with the duty of car- rying their wishes into execution. The Achaeans did not approve of declaring war for that object, but sent an embassy to the Boeotians, who pro- mised to yield to their desire, but did not do so. This procedure led to some hostile inroads into Boeotia, and a regular war would have broken out if the senate had persisted in their demand ; but they suffered the matter to drop. (Liv. I. c. ; Polyb. xxiii. 2.) [C. P. M.] ZEUXIPPUS (ZeultTFTTos), artists. 1. A painter, of Heracleia, who is mentioned by So- crates in the Protagoras of Plato (p. 318, b. c.) as " this young man, who has recently come to the city" {toutov rod v^auiaKou rov vvv v^warl eiri- SrffxovtyTos). Now since the celebrated Zeuxis was a native of Heracleia, since his age would just suit the date of this allusion [Zedxjs], and since he is expressly mentioned by Socrates elsewhere ( Xen. Mejn. i. 4. § 6, Oecon. x. 1), it is difficult to be- lieve that this Zeuxippus was a different person. There is no occasion, however, to suspect the reading in the passage of the Protagoras. The true explanation is perhaps to be found in the common tendency of Greek names to assume ab- breviated forms ; and thus perhaps Zeuxippus is no other than the old genuine form of the name Zeuxis. There is another passage in which Socrates is made to refer to " the Heracleian stranger," with- out mentioning his name (Xen. Sympos. iv. 63). 2. Sculptor of Argos. [Phileas.] [P.S.J ZEUXIS (ZeD|is), a general in the service of Antiochus the Great. He was engaged in the war with Molo, whom he prevented from crossing the Tigris. Being placed under the command of Xenoetas, he was left by the latter in charge of the camp, when he made his ill-fated attempt to overpower Molo. But he retired on the approach of Molo, and suffered the latter to cross the river without opposition. V hen Antiochus himself marched against Molo, Zeuxis persuaded him to cross the river, and was in connnand of the left wing in the battle that ensued. He also took a prominent part in the siege of Seleucia. (Polyb. v. 45 — 60.) It is perhaps this same Zeuxis whom we find satrap of Lydia under Antiochus the Great. (Polyb. xxi. 13.) To him Piiilippus, when at war with .Attains, applied for a supply of corn, which he obtained. (Polyb. xvi. 1, 24.) . In the decisive battle with the Romans, Zeuxis was one of the commanders of the front line (Appian, Si/r. 33), and after the defeat of Antiochus was one of the