1340 CHRONOLOGICAL TABLES OF nians and of the allies, expels the Persians from Eion on the Strymon, and then takes the island of Scyros, where the bones of Theseus are discovered. Phrynichus gains the prize in tragedy. ^ Simonides, aet. 80, gains the prize in the dithyrambic chorus. Naval victory of Hieron over the Tuscans. Death of Theron of Agrigentum. The Fersae of Aeschylus performed. Theraistocles, banished by ostracism, goes to Argos. Pausanias convicted of treason and put to death. Thucydides the historian born. Timocreon of Rhodes, the lyric poet, flourished in the time of Themistocles, Pericles begins to take part in public affairs, forty years before his death. Mycenae destroyed by the Argives. Death of Aristeides. Socrates bom. Sophocles gained his first tragic victory. Death of Hieron. Andocides, the orator, bom. Simonides, aet. 90, died. Naxos revolted and subdued. Great victory of Cimon over the Persians at the river Eurymedon, in Pamphylia. Themistocles flies to Persia. After the death of Hieron Thrasybulus ruled Syracuse for a year, at the end of which time a democratical form of government was established. Diagoras of Melos floiu-ished. Revolt of Thasos. Death of Xerxes, king of Persia, and acces- sion of Artaxerxes L Earthquake at Sparta, and revolt of the He- lots and Messenians. Cimon marches to the assistance of the Lace- daemonians. Zeno of Elea flourished. Thasos subdued by Cimon. Xanthus of Lydia continued to write history in the reign of Artaxerxes. Cimon marches a second time to the assist- ance of the Lacedaemonians, but his offers are declined by the latter, and the Athe- nian troops sent back. Ostracism of Ci- mon. Pericles at the head of public affairs at Athens. Revolt of Inaros, and first year of the Egyp- tian war, which lasted six years. The Athenians sent assistance to the Egyptians. Democritus and Hippocrates born. Gorgias flourished. Lysias bom. The Oresteia of Aeschylus performed. Battles in the Megarid between the Athe- nians and Corinthians. The Lacedaemo- nians march into Doris to assist the Do- rians against the Phocians. On their re- turn they are attacked by the (Athenians at Tanagra, but the latter are defeated. The Athenians commence building their long walls, which were completed in the following year. Panyasis, the uncle of Herodotus, put to death by Lygdamis. B.C. 456 455 454 451 450 44.9 448 447 445 444 443 441 440 The Athenians commanded by Myronides, defeat the Thebans at Oenophyta. Recal of Cimon from exile. Herodotus aet. 25. Thucydides aet. 15. Herodotus is said to have recited his his- tory at the Olympic games, when Thucy- dides was a boy. The recitation may therefore be placed in this year, if the tale be tme, which is very doubtful. Death of Aeschylus aet. Q9. The Messenians conquered by the Lacedae- monians in the tenth year of the war. Tolmides, the Athenian general, settles the expelled Messenians at Naupactus. See B.C. 464. Tolmides sails round Peloponnesus with an Athenian fleet, and does great injury to the Peloponnesians. End of the Egyptian war in the sixth year. See B. 0. 460. All Egypt conquered by the Persians, except the marshes, where Amyrtaeus continued to hold out for some years. See B.C. 449. Euripides aet. 25 first gains the prize in tragedy. Campaign of Pericles at Sicyon and in Acar- nania. Cratinus, the comic writer, flourished. Ion of Chios, the tragic writer, begins to exhibit. Five years' trace between the Athenians and Peloponnesians, made through the inter- vention of Cimon. Anaxagoras aet. 50 withdraws from Athens, after residing there thirty years. Crates, the comic poet, and Bacchylides flourished. Renewal of the war with Persia. The Athe- nians send assistance to Amyrtaeus. Death of Cimon and victory of the Athenians at Salamis in Cyprus. Sacred war between the Delphians and Phocians for the possession of the oracle and temple. The Lacedaemonians assisted the Delphians, and the Athenians the Phocians. The Athenians defeated at Coroneia by the Boeotians. Revolt of Euboea and Megara from Athens. The five years' truce having expired (see B. c. 450), the Lacedaemonians, led by Pleistoanax, invade Attica. After the Lacedaemonians had retired, Pericles re- covers Euboea. The thirty years' truce between Athens and Sparta. Pericles begins to have the sole direction of public affairs at Athens. Thucydides, the son of Milesias, the leader of the aris- tocratical party, ostracised. Melissus and Empedocles, the philo- sophers, flourished. The Athenians send a colony to Thurii in Italy. Herodotus aet. 41, and Lysias aet. iS accompany this colony to Thurii. Euripides gains the first prize in tragedy. Samos revolts from Athens, but is subdued by Pericles in the ninth month. Sophocles aet. 55 was one of the ten Athenian generals, who fought against Samos.
