ROMAN HISTORY. 1381 A.D. 196 Coss. C. Domitius Dexter II. L. Valerius Messala Thrasia Priscus. Severi 4. — Capture of Byzantium. Severus returns to Rome. He confers the title of Caesar upon his son Bassianus, whom he calls M. Aurelius Antoninus, but who is better known by his nickname Caracalla. Severus proceeds to Gaul to oppose Albi- nus. Coss. Ap. Claudius Lateranus. Kufinus. Severi 5. — Albinus defeated and slain by Severus, February 19th. Severus proceeds to the East to carry on war against the Parthians. Coss Saturninus. Gallus. Severi 6. — Severus carries on the Parthian war with success : he takes Ctesiphon. Caracalla is declared Augustus, and his brother, L. Septimius Geta, Caesar. Coss. P. Cornelius Annulinus II. M. Aufidius Fronto. Severi 7. — Severus lays siege to Atra,but is repulsed. Coss. Ti. Claudius Severus. C. Aufidius Victorinus. Severi 8. — Severus continues in the East. Coss. L. Annius Fabianus. M. Nonius Arrius Mucinus. Severi 9. — Severus continues in the East with Caracalla. Caracalla receives the toga virilis. Coss. Imp. Caes. L.Septim. Severus Aug. III. Imp. Caes, M. Aurel. Antoninus Aug. Severi 10. — Persecution of the Christians. Severus returns to Rome. He celebrates the Decennalia and the marriage of Cara- calla and Plautilla. Coss. C. Fulvius Plautianus II. P. Septimius Geta. Severi 11. — Plautianus slain. The arch of Severus celebrating his victories, is dedi- cated in this year. Origen (aet. 18) teaches at Alexandria. Coss. L. Fabius Cilo Septimianus II. M. Annius Flavius Libo. Severi 12. — The Ludi Saeculares are cele- brated. Coss. Imp. Caes. M. Aurel. AntoninusAug.il. P. Septimius Geta Caesar. Severi 13. Coss. M. Nummius Albinus. Fulvius AeraiRanus. Severi 14. Ci'ss Aper. . . * Maximus. Severi 15. — War in Britain. TertuUian publishes his work against Marcion. Coss. Imp. Caes. M. Aurelius Antoninus Aug. III. P. Septimius Geta Caesar II. Severi 16. — Severus goes to Britain with his two sons Caracalla and Geta. Coss. Civica Pompeianus. • LoUianus Avitus. Severi 17. — Severus invades Caledonia. Geta receives the title of Augustus. TertuUian writes his treatise De PaUio. A.D 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 !19 Coss. M'. Acilius Faustinus. Triarius Rufinus. Severi 18. — The wall in Britain completed by Severus. Papinian, the jurist and the praefect of the praetorians, was with Severus in Bri- tain. Coss. (Q. HediusRufus) LollianusGentianus. Pomponius Bassus. Death of Severus (aet. 64) at Eboracum (York), February 4th. Caracalla (aet. 23), emperor ; but his bro- ther Geta (aet. 22 ) had been associated with him in the empire by their father. Caracalla and Geta return to Rome. TertuUian publishes his letter ad Sca- pulam. Coss. C. Julius Asper II. C. JuUus Asper. Caracallae 2. — Geta murdered by his bro- ther's orders. Papinian and many other distinguished men put to death. Coss. Imp. M. Aurelius Antoninus Aug. IV. D. Coelius Balbinus II. Suf. (M. Antonius Gordianus {postea Imp. Caes. Aug.] Helvius Pertinax.) Caracallae 3. — Caracalla goes to Gaul. Coss Messalla, Sabinus. Caracallae 4. — Caracalla attacks the Ale- manni, visits Dacia and Thracia, and win- ters at Nicomedia. ss Laetus II. Cerealis. Caracallae 5. — Caracalla goes to Antioch and thence to Alexandria. Coss. Vatius Sabinus II. Cornelius Anulinus. Caracallae 6. — Caracalla passes the Euphrates and makes war agahist the Parthians. He winters at Edessa. Coss. C. Bruttius Praesens. T. Messius Extricatus II. Caracalla (aet. 29) slain near Edessa, April 8th. Macrinus (aet. 53) emperor. He confers the title of Caesar upon his son Diadume' nianus. He is defeated by the Parthians and purchases peace by the payment of a large sum of money. He then retires to Syria. Dion Cassius is at Rome at the time of Caracalla's death. Coss. Imp. Caes. M.Opil. Sev. Mac. Aug. II. C. Oclatinus Adventus. Suf. Imp. Caes. M. Aiu-elius Anto- ninus (Elagabalus) Aug. Sedition of the army during their winter in Syria : a great part espouses tie cause of Elagabalus. Macrinus is defeated near Antioch, June 8th, and is shortly after- wards put to death. Elagabalus (aet. 14) emperor. He win- ters at Nicomedia. Dion Cassius is governor of Pergamus and Smyrna. Coss. Imp. Caesar M. Aurelius Antoninus (Elagabalus) Aug. II. Q. Tineius Sacerdos II, 4 t3
