PAULA. after Memmius had departed for Mj'tilene. Find- ing that Memmius had abandoned his design of erecting the edifice with which the wall in ques- tion would have interfered, he consented to bestir himself in the matter ; but thinking that the Areio- pagus would not retract their decree without *.he consent of Memmius, he wrote to the latter, urging his request in an elegant epistle, which is still extant {ad Fam. xiii. 1. Comp. ad Jtt. v. 11, 19). [C. P. M.] PATRO'PHILUS (narp^Aos), bishop of Scythopolis, and one of the leaders of the Eusebian or semi-Arian party in the fourth century. He was deposed at the council of Seleuceia (a. d. 3.59) for contumacy, having refused to appear be- fore the council to answer the charges of the pres- byter Dorotheus. {Socrdt. H. E. ii. 40 ; Sozora. iv,. 22.) He must have died soon after, for his remains were disinterred and insultingly treated (Theophanes, Chronographia) during the re-action which followed the temporary triumph of paganism (a. d. 361 — 363) under Julian the apostate [Ju- lian us], Patrophilus appears to have been emi- nent for scriptural knowledge. Eusebius of Emesa is said to have derived his expositions of Scripture from the instructions of Patrophilus and Eusebius of Caesareia (Socrat. H. E. ii. 9) ; but Sixtus Senensis is mistaken in ascribing to Patrophilus a translation of the Old Testament from Hebrew into Greek. (Sixtus Senens. Bibliotli. Sanda^ lib. iv. ; Le Long, Bibliotli. Sacra., recensita ab A. G. Masch. Pars ii. vol. ii. sect. i. § 23 ; Fabric. Biblioth. Grace, vol. iii. p. 716. The scanty notices of the life of Patrophilus have been collected by Tillemont, Memoires, vols. vi. vii.) [J. C. M.] PATROUS, PATROA {Uarp^os, cfa), and in Latin, Pairii Dii, are, properly speaking, all the gods whose worship has been handed down in a nation or a family from the time of their fathers, whence in some instances they are the spirits of departed ancestors themselves. (Lucian, De Mort. Pereg. 36.) Zeus was thus a S-eos irarpwos at Athens (Pans. i. 3. § 3, 43. § 5), and among the Heracleidae, since the heroes of that race traced their origin to Zeus. (Apollod. ii. 8. § 4.) Among the Romans we find the divinities avenging the death of parents, that is, the Furiae or Erinnyes, designated as Patrii Dii. (Cic. in Verr. ii. 1, 3 ; comp. Liv. xl. 10.) But the name was also ap- plied to the gods or heroes from whom the gentes derived their origin. (Serv. ad Aen. iii. 832 ; Stat. 77ie6. iv. 111.) [L. S.] Q. PATU'LCIUS, one of the accusers of Mile de Vi in b. c.52 (Ascon. in MUon. p. 54, ed. Orelli). It may have been this same Patulcius who owed Cicero some money, which Atticus exerted himself in obtaining for his friend in b. c. 44 {Paiulcianum nomen^ Cic. ad. Att. iv. 18). PATULEIUS, a rich Roman eques in the reign of Tiberius (Tac. Ann. ii. 48). PATZO, GREGO'RIUS. [Gregoriu.s,No.30, l 310.] PAULA, JU'LIA CORNE/LIA,the first wife of Elagabalus, a lady, according to Herodian, of very noble descent. The marriage, which was ce- lebrated with great pomp at Rome, took place, it would appear A. d. 219, soon after the arrival of the youthful emperor from Asia. Paula was di- vorced in the course of the following year, deprived of the title of Augusta, and reduced to a private PAULINA. 141 station. Her subsequent history is imknown. (Herodian v. 6. § 1 j Dion Cass. Ixxix. 9 ; Eckhel, vol. vii. p. 259.) [W. R.] com OP PAULA, WIFE OF ELAGABALUS. COIN OF THE EMPEROR ELAGABALUS. The latter coin was accidentally omitted in the article Elagabalus, and is therefore given here. PAULI'NA or PAULLPNA. 1. Domitia Paulina, the sister of the emperor Hadrian (Dion Cass. Ixix. 11 ; Gruter, Inscr. p. cclii. n. 4). 2. LoLLiA Paulina. [Lollia, No. 2.] 3. PoMPEiA Paulina, the wife of Annaeus Seneca the philosopher, whom he married rather late in life. She was probably the daughter o{ Pompeius Paulinus, who commanded in Germany in the reign of Nero. She seems to have been attached to her husband, who speaks of her with affection, and mentions in particular the care which she took of his health (Senec. Ep. 104). She was with her husband at dinner when the centurion came from Nero to tell Seneca that he must die. The philosopher received the intelli- gence with calmness, embraced his wife, and bade her bear their separation with firmness ; but as she begged that she might die with him, he yielded to her entreaties, and they opened their veins together. Nero, however, unwilling to in- cur a reputation for unnecessary cruelty, com- manded her vpins to be bound up. Her life was thus spared ; and she lived a few years longer, but with a paleness which testified how near she had been to death. This is the account of Tacitus {An7i. XV. 60 — 64), which diff'ers somewhat from that in Dion Cassius (Ixi. 10, Ixii. 25), who relates the event to the disparagement of Seneca. PAULI'NA. We learn from Ammianus Mar- cellinus that the wife of Maximinus I. was of amiable disposition, seeking to mitigate by gentle counsels the savage temper of her husband, by whom, if we can trust the statements of Syncellus and Zonaras, she was eventually put to death. No ancient historian, however, has mentioned her name, but numismatologists have conjectured that certain coins bearing on the obverse the words Diva Paulina, and on the reverse Consecratio, a legend which proves that they were struck after the decease of the personage whose effigy they bear, ought to be considered as belonging to this princess. (Amra. Marc. xiv. 1. § 8 ; Zonar. xii. 16 ; Syncell. Chron. s. A. M. 5728 ; Eckhel, vii. p. 296). [W. R.]
