QUADRAT I IS. conjecture that Publius fell a victim during the brief persecution thus stopped, and that Quadratus having been appointed to succeed him, made those exertions which Dionysius of Corinth, in his letter to the Athenians (apud Euseb. iv. 23), commemo- rates, to rally the dispersed members of the Church, and to revive their faith. Many of the Athenians, however, had apostatized ; and the Church con- tinued in a feeble state till the time when Diony- sius wrote. Nothing further is known of Qua- dratus : the few and doubtful particulars recorded of him have, however, been expanded by Halloix {Illustr. Eccles. Oriental. Sariptor. Vitae) into a biography of seven chapters. (Comp. Acta Sanc- torum, Mail, a. d. xxvi. vol. vi. p. 357.) The Apology of Quadratus is described by Euse- bius as generally read in his time, and as affording clear evidence of the soundness of the writer's judgment and the orthodoxy of his belief. It has been long lost, with the exception of a brief frag- ment preserved by Eusebius (//. E. iv. 3), and given by Grabe, in his SpicilegiumSS. Patrum, Saec. ii. p. 125 ; by Galland, in the first volume of his Bibliotheca Patrum ; and by Routh, in his Reliquiae Sucrae, vol. i. p. 73. (Cave, Hint. Litt. ad ann. 108, vol. i. p. 52 ; Tilleraont, Mimoires^ vol. ii. pp. 232, &c., 588, &c. ; Grabe, /. c. ; Galland, Bill. Patrum, vol. i. Proleg. c. 1 3 ; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. vii. p. 154 ; Lardner, Credib. part ii. book i. c. 28. § 1.) [J. CM.] QUADRA'TUS, C. A'NTIUS AULUS JU'- LIUS, consul A. D. 105, with Ti. Julius Candidus, in the reign of Trajan (Fasti). Spartianus {^Hadr. 3) mentions these consuls under the names of Can- didus and Quadratus. QUADRA'TUS, ASI'NIUS, the author of a single epigram in the Greek Anthology (Brunck, Anal. vol. ii. p. 299 ; Jacobs, Anth. Graec. vol. iii. p. 13), which is described in the Planudean An- thology (p. 203, Steph., p. 206, Wechel.) as of uncertain authorship, but in the Palatine MS. is headed 'hffivv'iov KovaZpaTov, with the further superscription, eis tovs dvaipedevras viro tov twv 'Paiixaiuv virdrov 2uA.a, according to which it would be inferred that the writer, of the epigram was contemporary with Sulla. (Anth. Pal. vii. 312.) But this lemma can scarcely be regarded as anything more than the conjecture of a gram- marian, on the truth of which the epigram itself does not furnish sufficient evidence to decide. It is the epitaph of some enemies of the Romans (apparently foreign enemies), who had fallen by a secret and treacherous death, after fighting most bravely. There is nothing in it to support the conjecture of Salmasius, that it refers to the death of Catiline and his associates. Jacobs, following the lemma of the Palatine MS., suggests that it may refer to the slaughter of many of the Athe- nians, after the taking of Athens by Sulla. {Ani- madv. in Anth Graec. vol. ii. pt. ii. p. 366.) To these another conjecture might be added, namely, that the epigram refers to some event which oc- curred in the later wars of Rome, and that its author is no other than the Roman historian of the time of Philippus. See below. [P. S.] QUADRA'TUS, AS I'NIUS, lived in the times of Philippus I. and II., emperors of Rome (a. d. 244 — 249), and wrote two historical works in the Greek language. 1. A history of Rome, in fifteen books, in the Ionic dialect, called XjAierTjpis, because it related the history of the city, from its founda- QUADRATUS. 631 tion to the thousandth year of its nativity (a. d. 248), when the Ludi Saeculares were performed with extraordinary pomp. It probably passed over with brevity the times of the republic, and dwelt at greater length upon the imperial period. Suidas says that the work came down to Alexander, the son of Mamaea ; but this is a mistake, as Alex- ander died fifteen years before the thousandth year of Rome. (Suidas, s. v. KodpaTos ; Steph. Byz. s. vv. "AvOiov, 0a|/t7roAis, 'O^vSioi ; Dion Cass. Ixx. 3 ; Zosim. v. 27 ; Vulcat. Gall. Avid. Cass. 1 ; Agathias, i. p. 17, c.) 2. A history of Parthia, which is frequently quoted by Stephanus Byzanti- nus under the title of Ilapflt/cd or Uapdvr^viKa. (Qua- dratus belli Parthici scriptor, Capitol. Ver. 8 ; Steph. Byz, s. vv. TtjAvs, Tapaos, et alibi ; comp. Vossius, De Hist. Graecis, pp. 286, 287, ed. Wes- termann ; Clinton, Fasti Rom. p. 265.) QUADRA'TUS, FA'NNIUS, a contemporary of Horace, who speaks of him with contempt as a parasite of Tigellius Hermogenes. He was one of those envious Roman poets who tried to depreciate Horace, because his writings threw their own into the shade. (Hor. Sat. i. 4. 21, i. 10. 80, with the Schol. ; Weichert, Poetarum Latin. Reliquiae, p. 290, &c.) QUADRA'TUS, L. NPNNIUS, tribune of the plebs B. c. 58, distinguished himself by his op- position to the measures of his colleague P. Clodius against Cicero. After Cicero had withdrawn from the city, he proposed that the senate and the people should put on mourning for the orator, and as early as the first of June he brought forward a motion in the senate for his recall from banishment. In the course of the same year he dedicated the property of Clodius to Ceres (Dion Cass, xxxviii. 14, 16, 30 ; Cic. pro Sest. 31, pod Red. in Sen. 2, pro Darn. 48). Two years afterwards Quadratus is mentioned along with Favonius, as one of the opponents of the Lex Trebonia, which prolonged the government of the provinces to Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus (Dion Cass, xxxix. 35). The last time that his name occurs is in b. c. 49, when he was in Cicero's neigh- bourhood in Campania (Cic. ad Ait. x. 16. § 4). In many editions of Cicero, as also in the An- nales of Pighius, he is erroneously called Mum- mius. Glandorp, in his Onomasticon, calls him Numius. QUADRA'TUS, NUMFDIUS. [Quadra- tus, Ummidius.] QUADRA'TUS, L. STA'TIUS, consul a. d. 142, with C. Cuspius Rufinus (Fasti). QUADRA'TUS, UMMI'DIUS, the name of several persons under the early Roman emperors. There is considerable discrepancy in the ortho- graphy of the name. Josephus writes it Numidius, which is the form that Glandorp (Ojiomast. p. 631) has adopted ; while in the different editions of Taci- tus, Pliny, and the Scriptores Historiae Augustae,we find it written variously Numidius, Vinidius, and Ummidius. The latter, which occurs in some of the best manuscripts, is supported by the authority of inscriptions, and is evidently the correct form. In the passage of Horace (Sat. i. ] . Qb) where the present reading is Ummiditis, there is the same variation in the manuscripts, but Bentley has shown that the true reading is Ummidius. 1. Ummidius Quadratus, was governor of Syria during the latter end of the reign of Clau- dius, and the commencement of the reign of Nero. He succeeded Cassius Longinus in the province s s 4
