ALLIFAE. vnfiflft «C Hie river AUia occur at a later period oC Bonu Ittstawy. (CluTer. ItaL p. 709; ilolsten. J^ot p. 127; Westphal, Bomucke Kampagne, p. 117; tidl*s Top. of Rome, p. 44 — 48; Kibbj, i>Nlom di i2oMa, tqL i p. 125; Beichard, The- am, Topo^.) [£. H. B.] ALLITAE CAAXi^at, Stmb., Diod.; "AAAi^ FfeaL, £tt. AB^KDns: Alife)^ a city of Sanrninm, citsiied in the Tallej of the Vultumiu, at the foot of t^ lofty wiMintMn group now called the MonU Mdtmt. It waa doae to the frontiers of Campania, aad is eBomented amoog the Campanian cities by FGoy (iiL 5. 9), and bj Silioa Itallcns (viiL 537); bat Stnbo cxprasly caUs it a Samnite city (p. 288). Tint it waa so at an eariier period is certain, as we £nd it Rpeatedly mentioned in the wars of the Bo- bos with that people. Thos, at the breaking out flf tha Second Samnite War, in b. a 826, it was one cf the fiist pLacea which fell into the hands of the Komans: who, howevor, subsequently lost it, and it was retaken by C. Hstfcios iUxtilus in b. c. 310. .Agaio, in B. GL 307, a decidye victory over the ^•**"^*— was gained by the proconsnl Fabins be- neath ita walls. (Lir. TiiL 25, ix. 38, 42; Diod. X3L 35.) Doring the Seoood Punic War its teni- tozy was alternately trayersed or occupied by the Sorasos and by Hannibal (lir. xziL 13, 17, 18, xxri. 9X hot no mention is made of the town itself. Stnbo speaks of it as one of the few cities of the SsiQiiittt whidi had survived the calamities of the Sudai War: and we learn from Cicero that it pos- seaed an extensive and fertile territory in the vidley of the Vnltnmus, which appears to have a4Joined that of Venafrnm. {Pro Plane, 9, de Leg. Agr, n. 25.) Aecording to the Liber Coloniarum (pi 231), a ooiony was atablished there by the triamvizs, and its colonial rank, though not men- tiooed by Pliny, is confirmed by the evidence of iBscriptians. These also attest that it continued to be a place of importance under the empire: and was adeaed with many new public buildings under the nifa of Hadrian. (Zmnpt, de Cdomitf p. 335; OrH /user. 140, 3887 ; Bomanelli, vol. iL pp. 451 —456.) It is placed by the Itineraries on the dneet mad from Borne to Beneventum by the Via Latim, at the distance of 17 miles from Teanum, sni 43 from Beneventum; but the latter number is ceitahily too huge. (Itin. Ant. pp. 122, .304.) The modem Altfe is a poor and decayed place, thflogh it still retains an episcopal see and the title «f a dty: it occupies the ancient site, and has pre- served great part of its ancient walls and gates, as w«U as numerous other vestiges of antiquity, in- da&g the lemains of a theatre and amphitheatre, and eonsiiiexahle ruins of Theimae, which appear to hane been oonstmeted on a most extensive and •yfpiMJid scale. (Bomanelli, L c; Craven, AhruBsi^ vd.Lp.21.> [E. H.B.] ALLCTBBOGES ('AAA^prytr, 'AAA^/wycf^and 'AAA^C^oycr. as the Greeks write the name), a GaOk people, whose territory lay on the east side of the Bbooe, sad chiefly between the Bhone and the lam (/aore). On the west they were bounded by the Scpwiani (Caes. B. G. L 10). In Caesar's time (& G. i 6) the Bhodanus, near its outlet from the kke litnuamtts, or the lake of Geneva, was the boondaiy between the Allobroges and the Uelvetii; asd the furthest town of the Allobroges on the Hel- vetk border was Geneva, at which place there was a raad over the Bhone into the Helvetic territoiy by abridge The Seijuani were the narthem neigh- ALMO. 105 bonre of the Allobroges, who seem to hav€ had some territoiy on the north side of the Bhone above the junction of the Bhone with the Arar {Saone). To the south of the Allobroges were the Vocontii. The limits of their territory may be generally defined in one direction, by a line drawn fixmi Vienna ( Fifenfie) on the Bhone, which was their chief dty, to Geneva on the Leman lake. Their land was a wine country. The Allobroges are first mentioned in history as having joined Hannibsl B.C. 218 in his invasion of Italy (Liv. zxi. 31). The Aedoi, who were the first allies of Bome north of the Alps, having com- plained of the incursions of the Allobroges into their territory, the Allobroges were attacked and defeated near the junction of the Bhone and the Saone by Q. Fabius Maximus (b. g. 121), who from his vic- tory derived the cognomen AQobrogicns. Under B(«ian dominion they became a more agricultural people, as Strabo describes them (p. 185): most of them lived in small towns or villages, and their chief place was Vienna. The Allobroges were looked on with suspicion by their conquerors, for though conquered they retained their old animosity; and their dislike of Boman dominion will explain the attempt made by the conspirators with Catiline to gain over the Allobroges through some ambas- sadors of the nation who were then in Bome (b. a 63). The ambassadors, however, through fear or some other motive, betrayed the conspirators (Sail. Cat, 41). When Caesar was governor of Gallia, the Allobn^ges north of the Bhone fied to him for protection against the Helvetii, who were then marching through their country, b. g. 58 {B. G. i. 11). The Allobroges had a senate, or some body that in a manner correspondod to the Boman senate (Cic. Cai, ilL 5). In the division of Gallia under Augustus, the Allobroges were included in Karbo- nensis, the Provinda of Caesar {B. G. i. 10) ; and in the late division of Gallia, they formed the Vien- nensis. [G.L.] ALMA, ALMUS C^A/^. Ition Cass. Iv. 80; Aurel. Vict. EpiUm, 38, Probus ; Eutiop. ix. 17; Vopiscus, Pti^mt, 18), a mountain in Lower Pan- nonia, near Sinniom. The two robber-chieftams Bato made this mountain their stronghdd during the Dalmatian insurrection in a. d. 6 — 7. {Diet, of Biogr. art BaU).) It was planted with vines by the emperor Probus about a. d. 280 — 81, the spot being probably recommended to him by its contiguity to hk native town of Sirmium. [W. B. D.] ALMO, a small river flowing into the Tiber on its left bank, just below the walls of Bome. Ovid calls it " cursu brevissimus Almo** {Met xiv. 829), from which it is probable that be regarded the stream that rises frxnn a copious source under an artifidal grotto at a spot called Za CaffareUa as the true Alma This stream is, however, joined by others that ftimish a much larger supply of water, one of the most considerable ^ which, called the Marrana degli Oriiy flows fipom the source near Marino that was the ancient Aqua Ferentina, another is commonly known as the Acqua Santa» The grotto and source already mentioned were long regarded, but certainly without foundation, as those of Egeria, and the Vallis Egeriae was supposed to be the VaUe della CaffareHa^ through which th Almo flows. The grotto itself appears to have been constructed in imperial times: it contains a marble figure, much mutilated, which is probably that of the tutelary ddty of the stream, or the god Almo. (Nardini, B4>ma AnticOf vol. i. pp. 157—161, with
