210 ARU. Arisso^ near Seville (vol. i. pt. ii. p. 376; Florez, Med. de E$p. i. p. 156, iii. p. 8). [P. S.] ARIA CIVITAS ('Apefa, Ptol. vl 17. § 7 ; Aris, T(A. Peutinger.), There seems no reason to doubt tlmt the ancient Aria is represented by the modem llerdtf which is situated on a small stream now called the Heri-Rvd; while at the same time there are grounds for supposing that the three principal names of cities in Aria are really but different titles for one and the same town. Different modifica- tions of the same name occur in different authors ; thus in Anian (^Anab. iii. 25)| Artacoana (Apror- K<$ava); in Strab. xi. p. 516, ^Aprivcdya ; in Ptol.yL 5. 4, 'AproKdvOj or 'ApriKdu^vaj placed by him in ParUiia, — where also Amm. Marc., xxiii. 6, places Artacana; in Isid. Char. 'ApriKJcov; and in Plin. vi. 23. 25, Artlcabene. All tbese are names of the chief town, which was situated on the river Arius. Strabo (xi. p. 516) mentions also Alex- andreia Ariana (^At^<iv9pua ^ iv *Aplois^ Pliny (vi. 1 7. 23) Alexandria Arion (L e. 'Apc/wv), said to have been built by Alexander on the banks of the same river. Now, according to a memorial verse still current among the people of Herdt^ that town is believed to unite the claims of the ancient capital built by Alexander, or more probably repaired by him, — for he was but a shcnt time in Aria. (Mohun Lall. Joum, As. Soc. Beng, Jan. 1834.) Again, the distance from the Caspian Gates to Alexandreia favours its identification with HerdU Artacoana (proved by M. Court to be a word of Persian origin, — Arde koun) was, if not the same place, at no great distance from it. It has been supposed by M. Barbie de Bocage to have occupied the site <^ Fu^ infff a town on the Heri river, one stage from Herdt, and by M. Court to have been at Obeh^ ten farsakhs from HerdL Ptolemy placed ii on the Arian lake, and D*Anville at Farrah ; but both of these spots are beyond the limits of the small province of Aria. Heeren has considered Artacoana and Alexandreia as identical. On the Persian cuneiform insc. Hariva represents the Greek *Apla. (Rawl. Joum, As. Soc. xi. pt. 1.) Many ancient cities received new names from their Macedonian conquerors. (Wilson, Ariana, pp. 150 — 153 ; Barbid de Bocage, Historiens d' Alex- andre, App. p. 193; M. Jacquet, Joum. Asiadqtie, Oct. 1832; Heeren, EesearcheSf vol i.) [V.] AKIA INSULA. [Aretias.] ARIA LACUS (^ 'Apia Ai^, PtoL vi. 14. § 2), a lake on the NW. boundary of Drangiana and the Desert of Kirman, — now called Zarah or Zerrah. It has been placed by Ptolemy too fiur to the N., and has been connected by him with the river Arius. M. Burnouf (Comnt. sur le Yaqna^ p. xcvii.) derives its name and tliat of tlie province to which it pro- perly belongs, from a Zend word, Zarayo (a lake). It may have been called the Arian Lake, as adjoining the wider limits of Ariana. [V.] ARIACA ('Aptaic^ SaStvwi'), a considerable dis- trict of India intra Gangem, along the W. coast of the peninsula, oorrespondiug apparently to the N. part of the presidency of Bombay. Ptolemy men- tions in it two rivers, Goaris (Todpis) and Benda (Bi]vha and several cities, the chief of which seem to have been Hippocura (^IrrrdKovpa) in the S. (^Bangalore, or Hydrabad), and Baetana (BcUrovo, prob. Bcder) in the N., besides the poit of Simylla. (Ptol. vii. 1. §§ 6, 82 ; Peripl. p. 30.) [P. S.J ARIACA or ARTIACA, a town of Gallia, which is represented by Arois-sur'Aube, according to the Antonine Itin., which places it between Troyes and ABIANA. Chdlont. It is placed l^L P. xviii., Leugas xu., from Tricasses {Troyes); and M. P. xxxiii., Leugas xxii., from Durocatalauni (^Chdlont). In both cases the measurement by Roman miles and Leugae, or Gallic leagues, agrees, — for the ratio is 1 ^ Roman miles to a Leuga. The actual measurements also agree with the Table. (D'AnviUe, A'o/tce, ^) [G. L] ARIACAE ('Afiubcat), a people of Scythia intra Imaum, along the S. bank of the Jasartes. (Ptol. vi. 14. § 14.) [P. S.] ARLALBINNUM, in GallU, is placed by D'An- ville ahontBirmhiy neaxBdle, in Switz#land. Bdch- ard places it at Huningen. [G. L.] AEIALDU'NUM, a considerable inland town of Hispania Baetica, in the oonventus of Corduba, and the district of Bastetania. (Plin. iii. 1. s. 3.) [P. S.] ARIA'NA (Ji 'ApioMd, Strab.; Ariana Regie and Ariana, Plin. vi. 23 : Eth. 'Apitivol, Dion. Perieg. 714 and 1097; Arianus, Plin. vL 25, who distin- guishes between Aril and Ariani), a district of wide extent in Central Asia, comprehending nearly the whole of ancient Persia; and bounded on the N. by the provinces of Bactriana, Margiana, and Hyrcania, on OxB £. by the Indus, on the S. by the Indian Ocean and the eastern portion of the Persian Golf, and on the W. by Media and the mountains S. of the Caspian Sea. Its exact limits are laid down with little accuracy in ancient authors, and it seems to have been often confounded (as in Plin. vi. 23, 25) with the small province of Aria. It compre- hended the provinces of Gedrosia, Drangiana, Am- chosia, Paropamisus monntuns, AJria, Parthia, and Carmania. By Herodotus Ariana is not mentioned, nor is it included in the geographical descriptions of Stepb. B. and Ptolemy, or in the narrative of Arrian. It is fully described by Strabo (xv. p. 696), and by Pliny, who states that it included the Arii, with other tribes. The general idea which Stnbo had of its extent and form may be gathered from a com* puison of the different passages in which he speaks of it. On the £. and S. he agrees with himsel£ The £. boundary is the Indus, the S. the Indian Ocean from the mouth of the Indus to the Persian Gulf! (Strab. xv. p. 688.) The western limit is, iu one place (Str^. xv.p. 723), an imaginary line drawn from the Caspian Gates to Carmanja; in another (Strab. XV. p. 723) Eratosthenes is quoted as describ- ing the W. boundary to be a line separating Parthyene from Media, and Carmania frcun Paraetacene and Persia (that is comprehending the whole of the modem Tezd and Kirman, but excluding Fan), The N. boundaries are said to be the Paropanusan mountuns, the continuation of which forms the N. boundwy of India. (Strab. xv. p. 689.) On the au- thority of Apollodoros the name is applied to some parts of Persia and Media, and to the N. Bactrians and Sogdians (Strab. xv. p. 723) ; and Bactriana is also specified as a prindpal part of Ariana. (Strab. XV. p. 686.) The tribes by whom Ariana was inha- bited (besides the Persians and Bactrians, who are occasionally included), as enumerated by Strabo^ aie the Paropamisadae, Arii, Drangae, Axachoti, and (redrosii. Pliny (vi. 25) specifies the Arii, Dorisd, Drangae, Evergetae, Zarangae, and Gedrusii, and some others, as the Methorici, Auguttnri, Urbi, the inhabitAuts of Daritis, the Pasires and Icthyophagi, — who are probably referred to by Strabo (xv. p. 726), where he speaks of the Gedroseni, and others along the coast towards the south. Pliny (vL 23) says that some add to India four Satrapies tothe W.of that river.
