900 FIDENTIA. Nomentmn, came to be oonsidered as belonging to the Sabine tenitoiy, thoogh original]/ included in Latinm. In the reign of Tiberina Fldenae was the scene of a fearful catastrophe, arising from the fall of a temporaiy wooden amj^theatre during a show of gUidiatorSi that had drawn together vast crowds fixxn Rome and the neighboaring towns. B j this accident not less than 50,000 persons, according to Tadtns, wera killed or seriously hurt. (Tac Ann. ir. 62, 63; Suet Tib. 40.) From this time we hear no more of Fidenae; but its name is still found in the Tabula as the first station on the Solarian Way, and its cootinned existence may be traced by in- scriptions and ecclesiastical rsoords down to the se- venth centory of the Christian era, when all trace of it disappears. (Ptol. iii. 1. § 62; Tab. P^uL; MnraL JnBcr, p. 316, no. 4; Kibby, DuUornif voL iL p. 57.) Though no ruins exist on the site of Fidenae, its position may be identified with unusual certainty. Ancient authors concur in pUuung it at the distance of 5 miles or 40 stadia fnin Borne, on the Via Sa- laria; and we gather fimm the accounts in Livy and Dionysius that it was situated on a hill with steep or precipitous banks, and immediately above the Tiber. All these conditions are fully answered by the site at Cartel GwbUeo^ which is well adapted for that of an ancient city. The hill next the Tiber, on which stand the ruins of the castle, was probably the ancient arx or citadel; while the more extensive platecM on the E. of the Via Sahma was occupied by the dty itself. The sides of the hill appear to have been in many pUoes cut down or scarped artificially, and these perpendicular fiuies contain hollows which were probably in thdr origin sepulchraL Other ex- cavations indicate quarries; and we know from Vi- truvins that the tufo of Fidenae was one of those extensively worked in ancient times, (^truv. ii. 7. § I). The hill of Cattel Giubtieo is a conspicuous c^ject in the view of the Campagna fiiom the hills above Borne; hence we find MarUal noticing ** the ancient Fidenae,** in describing the same view. (Mart iv. 64. 15.) A plan, as well as description of the site, is given by Gell (Top. of Rome, pp. 250—253; Kibby, Dmtomi, vol ii. pp. 51 — 61 ; Dennis, Eirtk- riay voL i. pp. 68 — 72 ; Bormann, AlL-Latrntschu Chorograpkie, p. 239). [E. H. B.] FIDE'NTIA («i8cyT(a: Eth. Ildentinust Borgo S. Donnino% a town of Gallia Gispadana, situated on the Via Aemilia, between Parma and Placentia, and distant 15 miles from the former city. (Plln. iii. 1.5. s. 20; PtoL ui. 1. § 46; Itin. Ant p. 288.) its name is only mentioned in history during the civil wars between Ifarius and Sulla, when M. Lucullos, one of the generals of Sulla, was besi^ed within its walls by the lieutenants of Carbo, but by a sudden sally defeated them with great loss. (Plat SuU. 27 ; Veil. Pat ii. 28 ; Liv. EpU. Ixxxviii.) It seems to have been at this time a place of consideration : but though noticed by Pliny and Ptoleny as a municipal town, it appears to have subsequently declined, uid is called in the Itineraries in more ihan one passage
- ' Fidentiola vicus," while still later the Jerusalem
Itinerary terms it merely a " mansia" (^Itm. Ant. pp. 99, 127; Itin. Bier. p. 616.) The modem £or^o S.Donmno derives its name from StDomninus, who, according to ecclesiastical traditions, sufiiered mar- tyrdom at a place called Jnlia, in the territory of Parma. Its distance from the latter city proves that it occupied the actual site of the ancient Fidentin, FINES. which has sometimes been em meoosly tn uu>fa i B3 to Fiorenzttola (Florantia). IE, H. B.] FIGLINAE, in GaUia, only appears ia the Tabk^ which places it on a road finxn yieaaon ( Viemmey to Valentj* (Fafaue), on the east side of the Bhaot. Figlinae was about half-way between VwDna and Tegna {Tein). The site is unknown, nnleas it be Felines, as Walckenaer makes it [a L.] FILOMUSIACUM, a place in GaUia, only knoini firom the Tabltf, which |daoes it on the road b e Cw e eu Vesontio (^ewM^oa) aiad Abiolica (Ariolica, Pon- tarUer). D^AnviUe {Notice, fc) has disrniwfrf the position of this place, which is uncertain. [G. 1^3 FINES, in Gallia. D*AnviUe observes (JViHace, 4v., Art. Fmet), that there would be an infiaite number of {daces with this name, i^ in addition ta those which appear in the records of the Bomaa period, we were to enumerate all the instances ia which this name occurs, and which the Roman re- ccnpds do not mention. It is on the old roads b e twe t n tbe towns that the Itineraries mark the pbcaa caUed Fines. D'Anville enumerates those that are so marked, prooeedix^ in his ennmeratian from sooth to north. 1. FiHES is marked by the Antonine Itin. and the Table between CabeUio (^Cavailbm), and Apta Julia {Apty, CabeUio belonged to the Cavane aod Apta Julia to the Vulgientes, and Fines marked the limits of the two peoples, la this and in other io- stanoes, owing to discrepancies in the Itina., and the want of any name coiresponding to Fines, it is aoi possible to fix positions accurately; and it wQold be mere waste of time to give coi^ectures. 2. The Jerusalem Itin. pboes Fines betwea Davianum [Datiahux] and Vapincnm ((Tiy). but it does not appear what territories this limit separated. 3. The Table pkces fines on a road b et w ee n To losa {TotUouee) and Narbo (iVarbonne) ; and we may consider it, perhaps, as indicating the bcNrndary between the depoklencies of these two great dtiea. The place cannot be found with certainty ; but the Table makes it 15 from Toulouse to Badcra, and 19 from Badera to Fines. 4. The Table places Fines on a road from Tom- louse to Dibona, that is, Divona (^Cahorty; and Fmes is 28 from Tofdouse. This place most have marked the lunit of the territory of TonUmse on the road to Cabors. The next sUtion to Fines and 10^ M. P. from it is Cosa (Cos), Thus we get pretty near to the site of Fines. Walckenaer fixes it at a place called Le Fau, that is, the limit 5. The Antonine Itin. and the Table place Fines on a road from Burdigala {Bordeaiux) to Aginnnm (^Agen). The determination of the position seems very doubtful. We must suppose that this place marked the limit of the territory ai Aginnum, for it is the next place to Aginnum. 6. The Table places Fines half way betwee n Ve- sunna (^Periguenx) and Aogustoritum (^Limogea), and we may conclude that it mariced the limit ok the territory of these two dties. The pUoe is not certain. Walckenaer fixes it at Thimers. 7. The Table marks Fines on the xuad finom An- gustoritum (^Limoges) to Augustonemetum (der- mont en Auvergne). From Adtodunnm (vlAan), the seocmd place aiter Limoges, to fines is 20 Gallic leagues, a distance whidi, it is supposed, conducts us to the commencement of the territory of the Arvemi, to which Augustonemetum belonged. 8. The Antonine Itin. and the Table pUce fmea
