ancient date, and is stated to have been a distin- gninhed city when Alexander marched through Par- this (Curtios, vi. 2; cf. Diod. xviL c 75), though it is clear that it was not, as Cnrtios states, founded by the Greeks. Polybius affirms that it derived its name from its position in a locality where many roads met (x. 25). Appian asserts that Hecatom- pylos, in common with many other cities in Asia, derived its Greek name from Sdeucus. (Syr. c 57.) In the second century A.D., when Isidorus of Charax wrote bis Itinerary, Hecatompylos had appa- rently ceased to exist, or perhaps, as Manuert (v. 2. p. 76) has conjectared, had given up its Greek name. Isidore oUls Sauloe the chief place of Par- thia in his day ; hence Mannert has suggested, though we think without much reason, that this was the native form of the Greek Hecatompylos. [V.]
HECATO'MPYLOS AFRICAE. [Capsa.]
HECATONNE'SI ((
Greek characters): Musconisi), a
group of islands in the bay of Adramyttium, between
Lesbos and the mainlani. Their name, apparently
from tKceroiff a hundred, seems only in a general
way to allude to the great number of islands, which
is stated by some to have been twenty, and by others
forty. (Diod. Sic. xiii.77; Steph. B. ».».) Ac-
cording to Strabo (xiii. p. 618), however, the name
Hecatonnesi signified "the islands of Apollo," from
his surname (Greek characters), "the far-darter." [L. S.]
HEDUI. [Aedui.]
HEDY'LIUM. [Bokotia, p. 412, a.]
HEDYPHON ((Greek characters), Strab. xvi. p. 744), a
river of Susiana, which flowed into the Eulaeus, on
which stood a town called Seleuceia. It is pro-
bably that now called the Djerrahi Pliny (vi. 27.
8. 31) speaks of a river which he calls the Hedyp-
nus, and which is most likely the same as the
Hedyphon. [V.]
HELCE'BUS ((Greek characters), or (Greek characters)). Ptolemy
(ii.9. § 18) mentions Eloebus as one of the two towns
of the Tribood on the Rhine : the other is Brooomagus
[Brocomagus], which he places north of Elcebus.
The Antonine Itinerary has Helvetum, on the road
from Augusta Raurncorum (Augst) to Moguntiacum
(Maim) ; and it places Uelvetum between Augst
And Argentoratum (Strasbourg), and 18 M. P. short
of Strasburg. The Table places Helellum 18 M. P.
from Strausburg and Brocomagus north of Argento-
ratum, which is consistent with Ptolemy's position
of Elcebus and Brooomagus; but Ptolemy has in-
correctly placed Argentoratum in the country of the
Vangiones instead of the Tribocci. Helcebus, Hel-
vetum, Helellum, seem to be Ell, a small place on the
right bank of the river III, opposite to Bnnfeld. It is
said that Roman remains have been found there. [G.L.]
HELELLUM. [Helcebus.]
HE'LENA ((Greek characters) : Eth, (Greek characters), (Greek characters),
(Greek characters) : Mekronisi), a long narrow inland, extend-
ing along the eastern coast of Attica from Thoricus to
Sunium, and distant from two to four miles from the
shore. It was also called Macris ((Greek characters)), from
its length. (Steph. B. s. v. (Greek characters)) Strabo (ix.
p. 399) describes it as 60 stadia in length ; but its
real length is seven geographical miles. It was
uninhabited in antiquity, as it is at the present
day; and it was probably only used then, as it is
now, for the pasture of cattle. Both Strabo and
Pausanias derive its name from Helena, the wife of
Menelaus : the latter writer supposes that it was so
called because Helena landed here after the capture
of Troy; but Strabo identifies it with the Homeric
Cranae, to which Paris fled with Helena (Il. iii
445), and supposes that its name was hence changed
into Helena. There cannot, however, be any doubt
that the Homeric Cranae was opposite Gythium in
Laconia. [Cranae.] (Strab. ix. p. 399, x. p. 485;
Paus. i. 35. § I, viii. 14. § 12 ; Steph. B. s.v. 9.; Meis,
ii. 7; Plin. iv. 12. s. 20; Leake, Denni of Atticus
p. 66; Brondsted, Voyage, vol. L p 77; Boss, Reises
auf den Grieek. Inslen, vol. ii. p. 8.)
HELENA. [Illiberris.]
HELGAS [Germanicopolis.]
HELIADAE ((Greek characters)), a people said to have
succeeded the Telchines as inhabitants of the island
of Rhodes, and to have been produced from the earth
by the agency of the solar heat, whence their name,
from (Greek characters) (Strab. xiv. p. 654.) They are fur-
ther said to have been skilled in all the arts, espe-
cially in astronomy, to have advanced navigation,
and to have divided the year into days and hours.
(Diod. Sic V. 57.) In consequence of the Heliadae
the whole island of Rhodes was sacred to the sun,
who favoured it so much that not a day passed in
the whole course of a year during which the island
was not warmed by his rays. (Plin. ii. 62; comp.
Rhodus.) [L. S.]
HE'LICE ((Greek characters) Steph. s. v.; (Greek characters), Strab.viii. p. 385), a town in Achaia and one
of the 12 Achaean cities, was situated on the coast
between the rivers Selinus and Cerynites, and 40
stadia E. of Aegiuro. It seems to have been the
must ancient of all the cities in Achaia. Its foun-
dation is ascribed to Ion, who is said to have made
it his residence, and to have called it after his wife
Helice, the daughter of Selinus. It posseseed a cele-
brated temple of Poseidon, who was hence called
Heliconius; and here the lonians were accustomed
to hold those periodical meetings which were con-
tinued in Asia Minor under the name of Panionis
After the conquest of the country by the Acharaeus,
the latter likewise made Helice the place of meeting
of their League, and it continued to be their capital
till the destruction of the city by an earthquake in
B.C. 373, two years before the battle of Leoctra.
This earthquake happened in the night. The city
and a space of 12 stadia below it sank into the earth,
and were covered over by the sea. All the inha-
bitants perished, and not a vestige of Helice re-
mained, except a few fragments projecting from the
sea. Its territory was taken possession of by Aegium.
The neighbouring city of Bura was destroyed by the
same earthquake. The catastrophe was attributed
to the vengeance of Poseidon, whose wrath was ex-
cited because the inhabitants of Helice had refused
to give their statue of Poseidon to the Ionian colo-
nists in Asia, or even to supply them with a model
According to some authorities, the inhabitants of
Helice and Bura had even murdered the Ionian
deputies. (Horn. Il. ii. 575, viii. 203, xx. 40i;
Herod, i. 145, 148 ; Pans. vii. I. § 3, vii 24. 25;
Strab. viii. pp. 384, seq.,387 ; Diod. xv. 48; Ov.
Met XV. 293; Plin. Il 94, iv. 6; Steph. B. s. v.)
"On the 23rd of August, 1817, the same spot was again the scope of a similar disaster. The earthquake was preceded by a sudden explosion, which was compared to that of a battery of cannon. The shock which immediately succeeded was said to have lasted a minute and a half, during which the sea rose at the month of the Selinus, and extended so far as to inundate all the level immediately below Vostitza (the ancient Aegium). After its retreat not a trace was left of some magazines which had stood on the shore, and the sand which had covered
