HTLE. S. A town in Loeris Ozolis, mentioned by Stepba- iins B. (<. V. *'TAn), iram which the river Hjlaethos perhaps derived its name. Thneydides (iii. 10 1) speaks of a Locrian people named Hyabi (*Tcubi), which name Leake sappoecs to be a oormption of HyUei; bat the objection to this hypothesis is that Stephanos, who mentions Hyle as a Locrian •4own, also speaks of Hyaea as a Locrian town, giving Hjaeos as their eUinio name, whence we may infer that he distinguished between the two towns. (Steph. B. i. V. 'Ta(a; comp. Leake, Northern Greeee, voL ii.p.615.) HYLE (*TXi}), a town of Gypms whence Apnllo was called Hyletes. (Steph. B. i. v.) . HYLIAS ('TX/os), a river on the E. coast of Bmttinm, mentioned only by Thucydides (vii. 85), from whom we learn that it was sitoated between Tbnrii and Crotona, and apparently formed the northern bonndaxy of the territory of the latter city. It is supposed by Swinburne to be the Acguanilej while Bomanelli woold identify it with the CahtuUo, little mere than a mile forthor W.: the /Vtanenaea,
- more considerable stream, abont 10 miles nearer
Crotona, has perhaps a better claim than either. (Swinbnme, 7Va«. vol. L p. 809 ; Bomanelli, voL i. p. 221.) [£. H. B.] HY'LIGA LACUS. [Boeotza, p. 413, b.] HY'LICUS. [Troezen.] HYLLI, HYLLINL [Illtricom.] HYLLUS (^AAos), a tributary of the river Hennos, in Lydia, flowing into it from the north. <Hom. /X. zz. 392; Herod, i. 80; Plin. v. 31.) In the time of Strabo (ziiL p. 626) this river was called Phrygiui. [L. S.] HYLOTHAGI ('TXo^oi, Diod. iii. 24; Arrian, PeripL Mar, Eryih, p. 2), were (me of the numerous and obecure tribes of Aethiopians who derived their appellations, with the Greeks at least, from their modes of living and diet The Hylophagi, or eaters d beech -mast, or perhaps dates and fruit generally, dwelt on either bank of the Astaboras or White Nile. Tlie Shangallas occupy these districts at the present day, and are scarcely less uncivilised. The account of the Hylophagi in Diodorus (I. c) is, however, hardly credible, and seems to be founded upon mmours of the ourang-outan. According to him, the Hylophagi fed in the summer upon fruite, in winter upon the long rank grasses of the river- meadows, sprang from tree to tree like birds or apes, went perfectly naked, were armed with dubs, and had their females in common. The most curious iact in his story is the liability of the Hylophagi to cataract (ykavH^^fMra) on thdr eyes, which, by preventing them from climbing, caused the majority of the race to die of hunger. [W. B. D.] HYMETTUS. [Attica, p. 322, b.] HYPACYBISFL. [Carcika.] HYPAEA. r&roBCUADES.] HYPAEPA (ra'Traiira), a small town m Ly- dia, on the southern slope of Mount Tmolus, accordmg to the Tab. Pent., 42 miles firom Ephesus. There, as in some other towns of Asia Minor, the Persian wor- ship of fire was introduced during the time when the country was under Persian supremacy. (Strab. xiii. p. 627; PtoL v. 2. § 16; Ov. Afet vL 18, xi. 1.50; Plin. V. 81; Pans. v. 27. § 5; Taa Aim, iv. 55.) The town appears to have continued to exist till a late period of the empire, as we possess coins of it as late as the time of Gordian. Leake (Asia Minora pi 256) believes that the remains at Beriki belong to Hypaepa. [L. S.] HYPATA. 1103 HYTANA (^KVora : Eih, 'Tirar«vf), a town in the interior of Tripbylia in Elis, which surrendered to Philip V. in the Social War. Its inhabitants had been transferred to Elis when Strabo wrote. Hy- pana is mentioned along with Typaneae. Both these towns must have been situated in the mountains of Triphylia, but their site is uncettain. Leake places Hypana at A'lvena in the heighto above the maritime plain of Lepreum; but Boblaye more to the norths at Mwndriim^ in the hills above Samicum. (Strab. viiL p. 848 ; Polyb. iv. 77, 79 ; Steph. B. #. v, ; Ptol. iii. 16. § 18, who calls it *Ta-iib'«(a; Leake, Morea, vol. ii. p. 85; BobUye, Rechercheaj ^ pw 188; Cnr< tins, PtlopoimeBOS, vol. ii. p. 89.) HY'PANIS FL. {6 •Trovis, Herod, ii. 102, iv. 1 7, 47, 51, 81, 178, V. 89 ; Strab. il p. 107, viL p. 306, xi p. 494 ; Ptol iU. 5. § 6 ; Dion. Chiys. Or. xxxl p. 75 ; Athen. p. 42 ; Pomp. MeU, il 1. § 6; Plin. iv. 12 ; Propert I 12. 4 ; Ov. ea; Pont, iv. 10, 47; 'Tir^j, Arist H,A,y. 19: Bog)y a river of Sarmatia Europaea, which sprung from a large lake (Herod, iv. 42 ; comp. Potocki, Vojfoge, vol I p. 1 58), though according to Ptolemy (t c.) it took ito rise in the Amadoci Montes. It flowed parallel with the Borysthenes (Strab. pp. 806, 494). The water in the upper part of the course was sweet, but after receiving the bitter watere of Exampabus became brackish (Pans. iv. 35. § 6 ; Ov. Met, xv. 285 ; Vitruv. viU. 3. § 11 ; Eustath. ad Diof^ Per, 1143), and discharged itself into the Euxine at the town of Olbia. It received ito present name in the sixth century; in Jomandes (de GeL 5) and the Geographer of Baveima it appeare under the form Bagoesola Bs'Bagos river (So/o, in old German, meaning water), Constantino Poiphyrogeneto {de aim. Imp. 42) called it Bogn. It is diiliciUt to determine the original meaning of the name ; but as the Slavonians paid divine honoun to their riven, it may be ooimected with the Skvonie word Bog, ** God." The Greek name Hypanis is traceable to the Indo-European panif
- water." (Schafarik, Slav, Alt, vol I p. 505.)
(Kohl, Beiten t» Sud-BttesUmd, vol. I p. 34 ; K6ler, Mem, de VAcad, de St, Petenb, vol. x. p. 126 ; Eichwald, Geographie d, Kaep, Meer^ p. 295.) [E. B. J.] HYPANIS. [Htphabis.] HYTATA (^ 'Twitni, t^ •TawTa : Eth, 'Twa- rotor, Hypataeos, Liv. ; ahw Twtne^s, Steph. B. 9, 9.), the chief town of the Aenianes, in the valley of the Spercheius, and at the foot of Mt Oeta. In the Boman wars in Greece it belonged to the Ae- tolian league. (Polyb. xx. 9, 11, xxL 2, .3; Liv. xxxvi. 14, 26.) The women of Hypata, as of many other Thessalian towns, were noted for their skill in magic; and it was here that Ludus, in the story of Ludan, was metamorphosed into an ass. (Lucian, Aem, 1, seq. ; comp. Apul Metam, i, p^ 104; Theophr. B, Plant ix. 2.) The town is mentioned by Hierocles in the 6th century. (Hierocl p^ 642, ed. Wess.; comp. Ptd. iii 13. § 45.) It occupied the site of the modem Neopatra, where inscriptions have been discovered containing the name of Hypata. The town appears to have been called Neae Patrae in the middle ages, and is mentioned in ^ the 12th cen- tury as a strongly fortified phure. (Nioeph. Gregor. iv. 9. p. 112, ed. Bonn.) There are still consider- able remains of the andent town. Leake observed many large quadrangular blocks of stones and foun- dations of ancient walls on the heighto of Neopatra, as well as in the buildings of the town. In the
