of Board of Revenue, 1897 : Member of Madras Council since 1901 : Officiating Governor of Madras, April to Dec. 1904 : K. C.S.I., 1904.
THOMSON, SAMUEL JOHN (1853–)
Born Jan. 7. 1853 : son of J. B. Thomson : educated at Hurstpierpoint and St. Mary's Hospital, London : entered the Indian Medical Service, 1877 : served in Afghan war, 1880, and then devoted himself to sanitary science and epidemiological inquiries : Surg-Major, 1889 : C.I.E., for services connected with plague and famine : Lt-Colonel, 1897 : Sanitary Commissioner, N.W.P., since 1896.
THOMSON, THOMAS (1817–1878)
Born Dec. 4, 1817 : son of Thomas Thomson : educated at Glasgow : studied botany : M.D. : went to Calcutta in the medical service of the E. I. Co., 1840 : curator of the museum of the Asiatic Society : sent to Kabul, 1841 : besieged and taken prisoner at Ghazni, March, 1842 : escaped by bribing : through the Satlaj campaign, 1845–6 : on the Boundary Commission between Kashmir and Chinese Tibet : travelled with Sir J. D. Hooker (q.v.) in Sikhim, Assam, etc., on botanical research : they brought out the Flora Indica, 1855 : Superintendent of the Botanic Garden, Calcutta, 1854–61 : Professor of Botany, Calcutta : F.L.S. : F.R.G.S. : F.R.S. : wrote Western Himalaya and Tibet, 1852, and other works, also for scientific Journals : died April 18, 1878.
THORBURN, SEPTIMUS SMET (1844–)
I.C.S. : born Aug. 12, 1844 : son of D. Thorburn : educated at Cheltenham : entered the Bengal Civil Service, 1865, and retired, 1899 : conducted the Peasant Indebtedness Inquiry, 1895–6 : President, Indian Transport Committee, 1897 : Financial Commissioner, Panjab : author of Bannu, or our Indian Frontier; David Leslie, a Story of the Afghan Frontier; Musalmans and Money-lenders; The Panjab in Peace and War, etc. : F.R.G.S. : F.R.A.S.
THORN, SIR WILLIAM (1781–1843)
Born 1781 : joined the 29th Light Dragoons in India, 1799 : served in the Mahratta war under Lord Lake, 1803 : at Laswari, Nov. 1, 1803 : at Delhi, and Deeg, 1804 : Bhartpur, 1805 : in the capture of Mauritius, 1810, and of Java, 1811, and of Palembang in Sumatra, 1812 : returned to England, 1814 : wrote Memoirs of the Conquest of Java, etc., 1815, and A Memoir of the Late War in India, 1803 to 1806, 1818 : Brevet-Lt-Colonel : knight of the Royal Hanoverian Guelphic Order, 1832 : died Nov. 29, 1843.
THORNHILL, CUDBERT (1723–1809)
Was resident in India some time before 1756 : present during the greater part of the siege of Calcutta : sought shelter with other fugitives at Fulta, thus escaping the Black Hole. Captain Thornhill had traded to almost every part of India, and to Jeddah in the Red Sea : was "an eighteenth-century Sindbad, honourably mentioned by Bruce, the Abyssinian traveller" : was Master Attendant at Calcutta, 1785–1808 : died at Calcutta, Sep. 21, 1809.
THORNHILL, CUDBERT BENSLEY ( ? –1868)
I.C.S. : educated at Haileybury, 1836–7 : went out to India, 1838 : appointed Inspector of Prisons, N.W. Province, 1853 : in the mutiny, he served throughout the siege of Agra : took part with the Volunteers, and acted as Secretary to the Government : Commissioner of Allahabad, 1861 : Member of the Board of Revenue, N.W.P., 1867 : died at sea, July 1, 1868.
THORNTON, EDWARD (1799–1875)
On the staff of the East India House from 1814 to 1857 : head of the Statistical Department there, 1846–57, and of the Marine Department from 1847 : the pioneer in the systematic collection and publication of Indian statistics : wrote India, its State and Products, 1835; Chapters of the Modern History of British India. 1840 : History of the British Empire in India, 1841 to 1858; A Gazetteer of the Countries adjacent to India on the North-West, 1844; Gazetteer of the Territories under the Government of the E. I. Co., 1854 : died 1875.
THORNTON, EDWARD PARRY (1811–1893)
I.C.S.: born Oct. 7. 1811 : son of John Thornton : educated at Charterhouse and
