immunities of the Nawab's family to be at an end.
CARNATIC, MUHAMMAD ALI KHAN WALAJAH, NAWAB OF THE (1717–1795)
Second son of Anwar-ud-din Khan, Nawab of the Carnatic : present at the battle of Ambur, escaped to Trichinopoly : he was appointed Nawab by Nasir Ali, the Nizam of the Dekkan, in 1749 : was besieged at Trichinopoly by Chanda Sahib and the French, until relieved by the English : on his behalf Clive took Arcot, 1751, and he was successfully supported as Nawab by the English, both against Chanda Sahib, the candidate assisted by the French, and against the rebellious Poligars : recognized as Nawab by the Treaty of Paris of 1763, and acknowledged as independent of the Nizam by the Mogul Emperor in 1765 : entitled Walajah : he contracted large debts to the E. I. Company and the English adventurers who crowded his court and preyed upon him : he assigned districts for their payment : by Treaties of 1763, 1781, 1785, 1787, 1792, arrangements were made for their liquidation, by the English managing the Carnatic, etc. : he died Oct. 16, 1795 : his intrigues with Tippoo were discovered after the fall of Seringapatam in 1799, whereupon the English assumed the government of the Carnatic, making provision for the family of the Nawab.
CARNATIC, UMDAT-UL-UMRA, NAWAB OF THE (1748–1801)
Son of Muhammad Ali (q.v.), whom he succeeded in Oct. 1795. After the fall of Seringapatam in May, 1799, treasonable correspondence between Tippoo and Umdat-ul-umra and his father came to light : the British Government thereupon repudiated the existing treaty of 1792 with the Nawab of the Carnatic, and resolved to assume the government of the Carnatic, making a provision for the family of the Nawab. Umdat-ul-umra died July 15, 1801, before the proposed arrangements could be concluded.
CARPENTER, ALFRED (1847–)
Son of Charles Carpenter, R.N. : born Aug. 2, 1847 : educated at Brighton College : entered the Royal Navy, 1861, and retired as Captain in 1895 : served in the Challenger scientific expedition : Soudan expedition 1884 : and while in charge of the Marine Survey of India, piloted the war flotilla under fire to Mandalay and Bhamo in 1885, for which he received his D.S.O.
CARPENTER, MARY (1807–1877)
Daughter of Dr. Lant Carpenter : born April 3, 1807: devoted her life to philanthropy : opened schools at Bristol, for girls, for the reformation of juvenile criminals : also ragged and industrial schools : and worked for the passing of the Industrial Schools Act. Her attention had been attracted to India by the presence of Raja Rammohan Roy (q.v.) at Bristol in 1833, and by the visits of native gentlemen. She visited India in 1866–7, 1868–9, 1869–70, 1875–6, with a view to improve female education, reformatory schools, and the management of the jails. She was in communication with the authorities in India, and at the India Office, and with the leading native gentlemen, such as Keshab Chandra Sen (q.v.), with whom she founded a "National Indian Association" at Bristol in 1870, to bring Indian visitors and English inquirers into closer relations. Many of her suggestions for reforms and improvements were adopted. She paid visits to Germany and America. Among her publications were Last Days in England of the Raja Rammohan Roy, 1866 : and Six Months in India, 1868. She died on June 14, 1877.
CARR, RIGHT REV. THOMAS (1788–1859)
Educated at St. John's College, Cambridge : B.A., 1813 : Senior Optime : Bishop of Bombay, 1837–51, when he resigned from ill-health : appointed Rector of Bath, 1854 : universally esteemed there : a member of the Evangelical section of the Establishment : died at Bath, Sep. 5, 1859.
CARRINGTON, SIR CODRINGTON EDMUND (1769–1849)
Born Oct. 22, 1769 : son of Codrington Carrington : educated at Winchester : called to the bar by the Middle Temple, 1792 : Bencher, 1832 : practised as an advocate at the Calcutta bar, 1792–9, being junior Counsel to the E.I. Co. : was an
