Hughes as we knew him, by J. Armitage Robinson and others, 1902; The Times, 18 Nov. 1902; Christian World, 20 Nov. 1902; Guardian, 19 Nov. 1902; Review of Reviews, 1890; personal knowledge and private information.]
HUGHES, JOHN (1842–1902), Wesleyan methodist divine and editor, son of John Hughes and Jane his wife, was born on 15 April 1842, at Cwm Magwr Isaf, in the parish of Llanfihangel y Creukyln, Cardiganshire. Left an orphan at an early age, he had little schooling, and found employment first as a farm lad and afterwards as a lead miner. In 1863 he became a slate quarryman at Blaenau Festiniog; here his interest in literary and theological questions made him a leader among his fellow-workers, and he was designated a Wesleyan lay preacher. Resolving to enter the ministry, he passed a brief period of preparation at Jasper House, Aberystwyth, and was accepted by his connexion in 1867. He travelled until 1878 in the South Wales district; he was then transferred to the North Wales district, a sphere of labour in which he took a more and more important place, until in 1897 he was appointed Welsh connexional editor and superintendent of the bookroom at Bangor. He took an active part in the affairs of his connexion, and to Ilia advocacy was largely due the establishment of an annual general assembly for North and South Wales. In 1901 he received the degree of D.D. from the South Western University, Georgetown, Texas. He died at Bangor on 24 Feb. 1902. In March 1873 he married Emily, daughter of Rev. Henry Wilcox, by whom he had four sons and two daughters. One of the sons, Henry Maldwyn Hughes, B.A., D.D., is a Wesleyan methodist minister.
Hughes, best known by his bardic name of 'Glanystwyth,' was of versatile gifts, holding a high place as a preacher and as a writer of Welsh prose and verse. He edited the 'Winllan' from 1874 to 1876, the 'Gwyliedydd' newspaper in 1890, and the 'Eurgrawn Wesleyaidd' from 1897 to 1902. He published:
- 'John Penri,' a poem, Macliynlleth, 1888.
- A Welsh Life of Christ, Holywell, 1891.
- 'Oesau Bore y Byd' (The World's Infancy), Holywell, 1892.
- A Life of Rev. Isaac Jones, Liverpool, 1898.
- 'Delw y Nefol,' a volume of sermons, Holywell, 1900.
- A Commentary on Colossians, Bangor, 1901.
[Memoir by D. Gwynfryn Jones and II. Maldwyn Hughes, Bangor, 1904.]
HULME, FREDERICK EDWARD (1841–1909), botanist, only son of Frederick William Hulme, landscape painter, was born at Hanley, Staffordshire, on 29 March 1841. Brought to London as a child, and sent first to the Western grammar school, he studied art at South Kensington from his seventeenth year and became art-master of Marlborough College, in 1870 professor of geometrical drawing at King's College, London, in 1885 lecturer to the Architectural Association, and examiner to the Science and Art Department and the London Chamber of Commerce. A lover of nature rather than a student of natural science, he interested himself in the folklore of plants and sketched with skill plants and flowers. He was a voluminous writer on various themes, and his chief works were illustrated by coloured plates from his own drawings. In 1875 he began the issue of 'Familiar Wild Flowers,' his best-known work, with numerous plates. Eight volumes appeared in his lifetime, and a ninth was just ready at his death. The whole work has been repeatedly reissued serially.
Hulme also furnished plates for books by other writers, notably 'Familiar Garden Flowers,' by Shirley Hibberd, the companion series to his own 'Familiar Wild Flowers' (1879); and 'Sylvan Spring' (1880), by Mr. Francis George Heath.
Hulme was elected a fellow of the Linnean Society in 1869, and fellow of the Society of Antiquaries in 1872. For several years he was also a vice-president of the Selborne Society, with whose principles he was in thorough sympathy. He died at Kew on 11 April 1909, and was buried at Brookwood. He married in 1866 Emily, daughter of John Napper of Herfield Place, Sussex. His wife, two sons, and two daughters survived him, the elder son, Frank Howell Hulme, being dean of Bloemfontein.
Hulme's chief works were:
- 'The Principles of Ornamental Art,' 1875.
- 'The Town, College and Neighbourhood of Marlborough,' 1881.
- 'The History, Principles and Practice of Heraldry,' 1891; 2nd edit. 1897.
- 'The History of Symbolism in Christian Art,' 1891; revised 1899.
- 'The Birth and Development of Ornament,' 1893; reissued in 1894.
Minor works which chiefly consisted of art students' text-books include:
- 'Sketches from Nature of Plant Form,' 1867.
- 'The Garland of the Year with twelve chromographs of flowers,' issued anonymously, 1873.
- 'Plants, their Natural Growth and Ornamental Treatment,' 1874.
- 'Art Instruction in
