one of the brothers or from some others of the name about the same time connected with) the university. At last Lewis was raised by revision of Innocent VI to the bishopric of Hereford (1361), having already been elected by a part of the chapter, although the preference of another part for John Barnet, arch-deacon of London, had probably necessitated the reference to Avignon. Charlton was consecrated at Avignon on 3 Oct. of the same year (Stubbs, Registrum Sacrum Anglicanum from Charlton’s Register). His presence there rather suggests some mission or office at the papal Curia. On 3 Nov. he made the profession of obedience and received his spiritualities of Archbishop Islip at Oxford, and on 14 Nov. his temporalitxes were restored. Little is recorded of his acts as bishop. His attention to his parliamentary duties is shown by his appearing as trier, of petitions in 1362, 1363, 1365, 1366, and 1368 (Rot. Parl. ii. 268 b, 275 b, 283 b, 289 b, 1294 b). He died on 23 May 1369, and was buried in the south-east transept of his cathedral, where his mutilated monument still remains. He left by his will his mitre and some vestments, together with 40l., to the cathedral (Willis, Cathedrals, ii. 517). He is traditionally said to have built the White Cross, about a mile out of Hereford, on the Welsh road, as a market-place when the city was unsafe from pestilence (Havergal, Fasti Herfordenses, pp. 22, 203). Similarity of name and pursuits, and the fact of both coming from the Welsh border, caused Charlton to be confused with an obscure fifteenth-century scholar, Lewis of Caerleon, who is said to have been a distinguished mathematician, theologian, medical writer, and teacher at Oxford. Bale (p. 475) gives a list of his works, of which nothing else seems to be known. They include four books: 1. ‘Super Magistrum Sententiarum’ (lectures on theology). 2. ‘De Eclipsi Solis et Lunæ.’ 3. ‘Tabulæ Eclipsium Richardi Wallingfordi.’ 4. ‘Canones Eclipsium.’ 5. ‘Tabulæ Umbrarum,’ and 6. ‘Fragmenta Astronomica.’ Leland (De Script. Brit. p. 471) calls him John of Caerleon, and specially emphasises his excellence as a physician. Leland also says that his ‘Tabulæ de Rebus Astronomicis’ were published in 1482 and in his time extant in the library of Clare College, Cambridge, but that college has since twice suffered from fire, and there is no trace or evidence to be found at present of their ever having been there (communication from the librarian). Wood, however, asserts that this Lewis or John of Caerleon flourished in 1482, was a different person from Lewis Charlton, and was despoiled and imprisoned by Richard III for his attachment to the Lancastrian cause.
[Hardy’s Le Neve, i. 462; Wood’s Annals of Oxford, i. 455 sq.; Wood’s Fasti. p. 25, ed. Gutch; Bale’s Scriptorum Illustrium Catalogue Cent.. Sex. xxxviii. 475, repeated in Pits, i. 503; Rolls of Parliament; Eyton's Shropshire; MS. Cole, x. 114 ; Havergal’s Fasti Herefordenses]
CHARLTON, LIONEL (1720–1788), topographer, was born at Upper Stobbilee in the parish of Bellingham, Northumberland, on 2 Dec. 1720. After having been for some years at a free grammar school he attended the university of Edinburgh for one or two seasons. About 1748 he settled at Whitby as a teacher and land-surveyor. His school, which he kept in the toll-booth or town-house, was for many years the principal school in Whitby, and produced a number of excellent scholars. Charlton published ‘The History of Whitby and of Whitby Abbey, collected from the original records of the Abbey, and other authentic memoirs, never before made public,’ York, 1779, 4to. He died on 16 May 1788, and was buried in Whitby churchyard, where there is a tombstone thus inscribed: ‘Erected to the Memory of Lionel Charlton, Philomath, who died the 16th of May 1788, aged 66 years. Also Mary, his Wife, who died the 9th of March 1805, aged 72 years. Also two of their children, who died in their infancy.'
[Gent. Mag. lviii. (it) 933; Nichols’s Lit. Anecd. viii. 737; Nichols’s lllustr. of Lit. iii. 783-8, vii. 412, viii. 188-9; Sykes’s Local Records (1833), i. 346; Gough’s British Topography, ii. 449; Richardson's Local Historian's Table-book (Hist. Div.), ii. 3l6.]
CHARLTON or CHERLETON, THOMAS (d. 1344), bishop of Hereford, was the son of Robert Charlton of Charlton, Shropshire, and the younger brother of John, first lord Charlton [q. v.] Having become a doctor of civil law, he devoted himself, like his brother John, to the service of the court, and was soon rewarded with various ecclesiastical preferments. He became prebendary of St. Paul's, archdeacon of Northumberland, archdeacon of Wells (1304, Le Neve, i. 159), and, in his own neighbourhood, dean of the collegiate church of St. Mary's, Stafford, and prebendary of the college of Pontesbury on is brother’s estates. When he received the latter appointment in 1316, he was still only in deacon’s orders (Eyton, Shropshire, vii. 142). Like his brother, Thomas closely attached himself to Edward II, whose clerk he had become, and ultimately received the appointment of privy seal. In 1316 the death
