official position. He re-entered parliament as M.P. for Stafford in 1734, and in the following year his brother John Chetwynd, who had been an M.P. for many years, receiver-general of the duchy of Lancaster, and envoy extraordinary to ALadrid in 1717, succeeded to the Irish viscounty under the patent of limitation, and to the family estates. On 29 Dec. 1744 Chetwynd was appointed to the lucrative post of master of the mint, which he retained until 8 June 1769, but he retained his seat for Stafford until his death on 3 April 1770. On 21 June 1767 he succeeded his brother John as third Viscount Chetwynd, but the Ingestre manor and estates went to his niece, who had married the Hon. John Talbot, second son of Lord-chancellor Talbot, and great-grandfather of the eighteenth Earl of Shrewsbury and Talbot, in whose family it still remains. The third Viscount Chetwynd married Honora, daughter of John Baker, English consul at Algiers, by whom he left two sons, the elder of whom succeeded as fourth viscount.
[Welch's Alumni Westmonasterienses. ed. 1852, p. 243; Lodge's Irish Peerage, vol. v.; Gent. Mag. 1770.]
CHEVALIER, JOHN (fl. 1661), chronicler of Jersey about the period of the civil war, was a vingtenier, or tything man, of the town of St. Heliers. He was somewhat superstitious, and a moderate royalist. The events which he relates happened during his lifetime. His narrative is divided into three parts: the first opens with the dissensions of Dean Bandinel [q. v.] with the lieutenant-governor about a royal grant of the great tithes of St. Saviour's parish, and ends with the death of Sir Philip de Carteret [q. v.] in 1643; the second contains the journal of Major Lydcott's government, and of the sieges of the castles, and includes a space of scarcely three months; the last is the most voluminous, and contains a minute account of the administration of Sir George de Carteret [q. v.], which lasted eight years, during which he governed the island with unlimited power and almost independent of his sovereign.
[Falle's Account of Jersey (Durell), p. 299.]
CHEVALIER, THOMAS (1767–1824), surgeon, was born in London on 3 Nov. 1767. His paternal grandfather was a French protestant, resident at Orleans, and escaped from France in an open boat on the revocation of the edict of Nantes. On the death of his mother in 1770 Chevalier was brought up by her brother, Thomas Sturgis, a general practitioner in South Audley Street, London. He studied anatomy under Matthew Baillie (see Dedication to Lectures, 1823), and appears to have obtained a university degree of M.A. (probably at Cambridge, where the name of Thomas Chevallier is recorded as A.B. of Pembroke College, 1792). He became a member of the London Corporation of Surgeons, and in 1797 defended it in a pamphlet written to promote the movement for transforming the corporation into a college [see Cline, Henry]. In this pamphlet Chevalier gives a learned sketch of the history of surgery. He was appointed surgeon to the Westminster Dispensary and lecturer on surgery. In 1801 he published an ‘Introduction to a Course of Lectures on the Operations of Surgery,’ and in 1804 a ‘Treatise on Gunshot Wounds,’ which had obtained the prize of the College of Surgeons in 1803, and which reached a third edition in 1806. It also secured him the appointment of surgeon extraordinary to the Prince of Wales, and a present of a diamond ring from the czar of Russia. In 1821 Chevalier delivered an able Hunterian oration (published in 4to, 1823); he also gave excellent courses of lectures at the College of Surgeons, as professor of anatomy and surgery, in 1823, on the ‘General Structure of the Human Body and the Anatomy and Functions of the Skin;’ these were also published in the same year.
Chevalier was highly esteemed, not only as a surgeon and anatomist, but as a man of linguistic and theological erudition. He translated into English Bossuet's ‘Universal History’ and Pascal's ‘Thoughts,’ and made numerous contributions to periodical literature. He wrote the preface to Bagster's Polyglot Bible, and compiled the collection of texts and various readings. His last publication was ‘Remarks on Suicide,’ 1824, in which he urges that suicide is often one of the earliest symptoms of insanity, as shown by the history of those who have failed in the attempt, and he recommends verdicts of ‘suicide during insanity’ in the majority of cases. He died suddenly on 9 June 1824. He had been an active member (for many years deacon) of the Keppel Street (Russell Square) baptist chapel.
[Discourse occasioned by the death of Thomas Chevalier, by Rev. G. Pritchard, 1824; Chevalier's Works.]
CHEVALLIER, ANTHONY RODOLPH (1523–1572), Hebraist and French protestant, born on 16 March 1522–3 at Montchamps, near Vire in Normandy, was descended from a noble family. He studied Hebrew under Francis Vatablus at Paris; embraced the protestant faith; came to England in Edward VI's reign, about 1548; was
