organist at St. Mary-at-Hill. In 1855 he succeeded W. T. Best as organist at the Panopticon, Leicester Square (on the site of the present Alhambra), and from 1856 to 1862 filled a similar appointment at Holy Trinity Church, Paddington. In 1859 he took the degree of Mus. Bac. at Cambridge, where his name was entered at St. John’s College, and in 1860 proceeded Mus. Doc. From 1862 until 1866 he was organist of St. George’s Church and the Ulster Hall, Belfast, at the same time acting as conductor to various musical societies. From Ireland he went to Scotland, where he acted as organist of Kinnaird Hall, Dundee, from February, and St. Paul’s, Edinburgh, from May to November 1866. At the end of the year he returned to England, where he was appointed organist ang magister choristarum at Ely Cathedral, a post he retained until his death, which took place at Nice on 17 Dec. 1886. The list of Chipp’s compositions includes two short oratoros, ‘Naomi’, and ‘Job,’ besides several songs, services, and organ and pianoforte music.
[Appendix to Bemrose’s Choir Chant Book, ix.;Grove’s Dict. of Music, i. 346.]
CHIPP, THOMAS PAUL (1793–1870), musician, was born in London 25 May 1793. He was educated in the choir of Westminster Abbey and learnt the piano from Clementi, but in the early part of his life was distinguished as a performer on the harp, for which instrument he wrote several popular pieces. In 1818 he was engaged by Sir Henry Bishop for the orchestra of Covent Garden Theatre, and in 1826 by Monk Mason for Her Majesty’s Theatre. In his later life he was well known as a drummer. For fifty-three years Chipp was a member of all the principal Hendon orchestras. He played at the coronations of George IV, William IV, and Victoria. His last appearance in public took place at the Worcester Festival in 1866. He died at Camden Town on Sunday’L19 June 1870, leaving two sons, Edmund Thomas [q. v.], and Horatio, a violoncellist.
[Information from Miss Chipp; Baptie’s Musical Biography; Musical Times, xiv. 525; Musical Directory, 1870-l.]
CHIPPENDALE, THOMAS (fl. 1760), furniture maker, was a native of Worcestershire, who came to London in the reign of George I. He describes himself in 1752 as a cabinet maker and upholsterer of St. Martin’s Lane, London. Hardly anything is known of his personal history. His influence is attested by the fact that almost all mahogany furniture of the last century is nowadays referred by the ignorant to ‘Chippendale.’ Speaking generally of his work, it is at once heavier in style and less severe in ornamentation than the slender and tasteful designs of Heppelwhite and Sheraton a quarter of a century later. Elaborate and delicate, Chippendale’s designs are overwrought, and show nothing of that architectonic feeling without which there can be no true designing of furniture. His work as a whole reflects the culture of his age. With the flimsy ‘baroque’ of the prevailing French taste, we find a tendency towards a severer and more classical style, such a style as might be suggested by the contemporary labours of Sir William Chambers and the brothers Adam. Sheraton, writing in 1793, says of Chippendale and his work: ‘As for the designs themselves, they are now wholly antiquated and laid aside, though possessed great merit according to the times in which they were executed.’ Chippendale published in 1752 the first edition of a book of designs for furniture drawn by himself, dedicated to Prince William Henry, and entitled ‘The Gentleman and Cabinet Maker’s Director.’ A second edition appeared in 1759, and a third in 1762. John Weale issued in 1858-9 an elaborate volume entitled ‘Chippendale’s Design for Sconces, Chimney and Glass Frames in the old French Style.’
[Redgrave's Dict. of Eng. School; Sheraton’s Cabinet Maker and Upholsterer's Drawing Book, 4to, 1793-4.]
CHIRBURY, DAVID. [See Cherbury.]
CHISENHALE or CHISENHALL, EDWARD (d. 1653?), historian, was the eldest son of Edward Chisenhall, esq. of Chisenhall, Lancashire, by Margaret, daughter of Nicholas Worthington of Shavington. He bore a colonel's commission for Charles I in the civil war, and was in Lathom House during the first siege. By his wife Elizabeth, daughter of Alexander Rigby of the Burgh, Lancashire, he had four sons and as many daughters. He was the author of ‘Catholike History, collected and gathered out of Scripture, Councels, Ancient Fathers, and modern Authentick Writers, both Ecclesiastical and Civil; for the satisfaction of such as doubt, and the confirmation of such as believe, the Reformed Church of England. Occasioned by a Book written by Dr. Thomas Vane, intituled "The Lost Sheep returned Home,"’ London, 1653, 8vo.
[St. George’s Visitation of Lancashire, 1613 (Chetham Soc.), p. 24; Dugdale's Visitation of Lancashire, 1664-5 (Chatham Soc.), p. 79; Foley’s Records, vii. 1418.]
CHISHOLM, ALEXANDER (1792?–1847), portrait and historical painter, was born at Elgin in Morayshire in 1792 or 1793. His
