the Earl of Surrey, and remained there till September 1533. On his return he was married, and it was intended he should go to Ireland shortly after; but this intention was not carried out, perhaps owing to the state of his health, and he remained with the court. He is mentioned as being present at the execution of the Carthusians in May 1535, and at that of Anne Boleyn in May 1536. On 22 July the same year he died in ‘the kinges place in St. James,’ not without suspicion of being poisoned by the late queen and her brother, Lord Rochford. He was buried in the Cluniac priory of Thetford, but at the dissolution his body and tomb, together with that of his father-in-law, the Duke of Norfolk, were removed to St. Michael's Church, Framlingham, Suffolk. The tomb now stands on the north of the altar. ‘It is of freestone, garnished round with divers histories of the Bible, and on the top were twelve figures, each supporting a trophy of the Passion, but all of them are miserably defaced. His arms in the Garter, with a ducal coronet over them, are still perfect.’ A miniature portrait of the young duke was formerly in the Strawberry Hill collection, and was engraved by Harding. There is a sketch of it in Doyle's ‘Baronage,’ and also a facsimile of his signature from one of his letters, preserved among the public records.
[Cal. State Papers Hen. VIII, vols. iv–viii.; Grafton's Chronicle, pp. 382, 443; Wriothesley's Chronicle, i. 41, 45, 53, 54; Chronicle of Calais, pp. 41, 44, 164; Friedmann's Anne Boleyn, ii. 176, 286–7, 294; Doyle's Official Baronage, iii. 120; Blomefield's Norfolk, ii. 125; Statute 14 Hen. VIII c. 34, 22 Hen. VIII c. 17, 23 Hen. VIII c. 28, 25 Hen. VIII c. 30, 26 Hen. VIII c. 21, 27 Hen. VIII c. 51, 28 Hen. VIII c. 34; Nott's Life of Surrey, p. xxviii; Green's Guide to Framlingham, 1878, p. 16; Dodd's Church Hist. i. 167.]
FITZROY, HENRY, first Duke of Grafton (1663–1690), second son of Charles II by Barbara Villiers, countess of Castlemaine, afterwards Duchess of Cleveland [see Villiers, Barbara], was born on 20 Sept. 1663, and was, after, it is said, some hesitation, acknowledged by Charles as his son. A rich wife was early provided for him in Isabella, daughter and heiress of Henry Bennet, earl of Arlington. She was only five years old when, on 1 Aug. 1672, she was married by Archbishop Sheldon to her young husband in the presence of the king and court (Evelyn, Diary, 1 Aug. 1672). On 16 Aug. he was made Earl of Euston, the title being derived from Arlington's house in Suffolk, of which he was now the probable heir. In September 1675 he was made Duke of Grafton. Arlington and his family were very unwilling to sanction the alliance, and so late as 1678 there were rumours that it was broken off (Hist. MSS. Comm. 6th Rep. p. 386); but in 1679 the couple were remarried, though Evelyn looked with the greatest anxiety to the union of the ‘sweetest and most beautiful child’ to a ‘boy that had been rudely bred’ (Diary, 6 Sept. 1679). Grafton was, however, ‘exceeding handsome, by far surpassing any of the king's other natural issue,’ and his father's resolution to bring him up for the sea soon made him, as Evelyn had hoped, ‘a plain, useful, and robust officer, and, were he polished, a tolerable man.’ He was sent as a volunteer to learn his profession under Sir John Berry [q. v.], and in his absence on 30 Sept. 1680 was installed by proxy as knight of the Garter. In 1682–3 he was master of the Trinity House, was colonel of the 1st foot guards 1681–8 and 1688–9, and, on the death of Prince Rupert, vice-admiral of England (Kennett, iii. 82). In 1683 he became captain of the Grafton, a ship of 70 guns. In 1684 he visited Louis XIV at Condé, and, at some personal danger, won experience of military service at the siege of Luxemburg (Hist. MSS. Comm. App. to 7th Rep. pp. 84, 263, 302). At the coronation of James II he acted as lord high constable. He shared in suppressing the rebellion of Monmouth; showed great gallantry at the skirmish at Philip's Norton, near Bath, on 27 June, where he fell into an ambuscade, and it was only with great risk that he succeeded in effecting his retreat (London Gazette, 2 July 1685; Hist. MSS. Comm. 9th Rep. pp. 3, 4). He was also present at Sedgmoor. He first took his seat in parliament on 9 Nov. 1685 (ib. 11th Rep. pt. ii. p. 321). Early in 1686 he fought two fatal duels; in one case, however, Evelyn acknowledges ‘after almost insufferable provocation from Mr. Stanley, brother of Lord Derby’ (Diary, 19 Feb. 1686). A few days afterwards he helped his brother Northumberland in an attempt to ‘spirit away’ his wife (ib. 29 Feb. 1686). On 3 July 1687 he carried his complaisance to his uncle so far as to act as conductor for the papal nuncio D'Adda on his public entry into London. But soon after he started with a fleet on an expedition which first conveyed the betrothed queen of Pedro II of Portugal from Rotterdam to Lisbon, where Grafton was magnificently entertained. Thence he sailed on a cruise among the Barbary states, where at Algiers, Tunis, and Tripoli he renewed treaties, and procured the release of English captives. He returned in March 1688, and, though not much of a politician, and less of a churchman (Burnet, iii. 317), was disgusted at his uncle's proceedings,
