the left foot of the society's mummy, the sole of the foot, with the bulbous root applied to it, being presented to the view.' He is mentioned in the 'Gentleman's Magazine' (1814, pt. i. p. 427) as an intimate friend of the poet Gray. Dr. Plumptre, president of Queens' College, in recording the vacancy of the fellowship caused by his death, adds: 'He was an ingenious, worthy, and agreeable man, and died much lamented by all that knew him.' There is a portrait of Hadley, engraved after his death in mezzotint by Fisher, from a painting by B. Wilson, dated 1759.
[A Biographical Account of John Hadley, esq., V.P.R.S., the Inventor of the Quadrant, and of his brothers George and Henry (no date); Munk's Coll. of Phys. 1878, ii. 259.]
HADOW, JAMES (1670?–1747), controversial writer, was born in the parish of Douglas, Lanarkshire, probably before 1670. If he be identical with the James Hadow who published two Latin theses at Utrecht in 1685 and 1686 respectively, he was educated abroad. He was ordained minister of the 'second' charge of Cupar-Fife in 1692, and transferred to the 'first' 30 Oct. 1694. He became professor of divinity in St. Mary's College, St. Andrews, 5 April 1699, and principal in 1707. He died 4 May 1747, and in 1748 his son, George Hadow, was admitted professor of Hebrew in the same college.
Hadow was involved in very many public controversies in the church. In 1720 he took a leading part in the Marrow controversy. This controversy bore on the views contained in 'The Marrow of Modern Divinity,' published in England by E. F. in 1645, and republished in 1718 by a Scotch minister, James Hog [q. v.] of Carnock, Dunfermline [see Boston, Thomas, the elder, and Fisher, Edward, 1627-1655]. Hadow presided over a sub-committee for preserving purity of doctrine, appointed by the assembly in 1720. Six so-called antinomian paradoxes were extracted from the work, and the assembly condemned it, 20 May 1720. Some of the 'Marrowmen' seceded, but the rest, after a time, were silently permitted to promulgate their views. Hadow acted against John Simson, divinity professor at Glasgow, who, being accused of Socinian views, was suspended from his professorship in 1729.
Hadow wrote: 1. 'Remarks upon the Case of the Episcopal Clergy and those of the Episcopal persuasion considered as to granting them a Toleration and an Indulgence,' 1703 (this was anonymous; it is attributed to Hadow in the catalogue of the Advocates' Library, but in Scott's 'Fasti' it is attributed to the Rev. James Ramsay, minister of Kelso). 2. 'A Survey of the Case of the Episcopal Clergy and of those of the Episcopal persuasion.' 3. 'The Doctrine and Practice of the Church of Scotland anent the Sacrament of Baptism vindicated from the charge of gross error exhibited in a print called "The Practice and Doctrine of the Presbyterian Preachers about the Sacrament of Baptism examined," ' 1704 (also anonymous; referred to approvingly in Cunningham's 'Zwingli and the Doctrine of the Sacraments'). 4. 'The Record of God and Duty of Faith. A Sermon on 1 John v. 11, 12. Before the Synod of Fife at St. Andrews, April 7, 1719.' 5. 'The Antinomianism of the Marrow of Modern Divinity detected. Wherein the Letter to a private Christian about believers receiving the Law as the Law of Christ is specially considered,' 1721 (the title of this book brought to Hadow the sobriquet of 'The Detector,' i.e. 'Detective'). 6. 'An Inquiry into Mr. Simson's Sentiments about the Trinity from his Papers in Process,' 1730. 7. 'A Vindication of the Learned and Honourable Author of the History of the Apostles' Creed, from the false Sentiment which Mr. Simson has injuriously imputed to him,' 1731.
[Scott's Fasti ; Wodrow's Correspondence ; Cunningham's Hist. of the Church of Scotland; C. G. M'Crie's Studies in Scottish Eeclesiastical Biography, in British and Foreign Evangelical Review, October 1884; Christian Instructor, xxx. 393, 394; T. M'Crie's Story of the Scottish Church, p. 455.]
HADRIAN IV, pope (d. 1159). [See Adrian IV.]
HADRIAN de Castello. [See Adrian de Castello, 1460?–1521?]
HAGGARD, JOHN (1794–1856), civilian, third son of William Henry Haggard of Bradenham Hall, Norfolk, who died in 1837, by Frances, only daughter of the Rev. Thomas Amyand, was born at Bradfield, Hertfordshire, in 1794, and educated at Westminster School. He entered Trinity Hall, Cambridge, as a pensioner 9 June 1807, was elected a fellow 1 Dec. 1815, and held his fellowship until his marriage on 20 July 1820 to Caroline, daughter of Mark Hodgson of Bromley, who died 21 Nov. 1884, aged 88. He took his LL.B. degree in 1813, and his LL.D. in 1818, and on 3 Nov. in the latter year was admitted a fellow of the College of Doctors of Law, London. In 1836 he was appointed chancellor of Lincoln by his college friend Dr. John Kaye, the bishop, and accompanied him in the visitation of his diocese. He was nominated chancellor of Winchester in June 1845, and
