tended to the East India Company's officers, in June 1815, Mackenzie was made C.B. He resumed his surveys and explorations on his return to India, visiting every place of interest between Kistna and Cape Comorin, attended by a staff of native assistants, collecting and copying ancient records. In 1819 he was made surveyor-general of India, and removed with his native assistants to Calcutta. The advantages likely to accrue to oriental history and literature if Mackenzie could be allowed leave to Europe to arrange his collections were strongly pressed upon the court of directors by Sir Alexander Johnston, but before this could be arranged Mackenzie died at his residence near Calcutta on 8 May 1821, aged 68.
His collections were purchased from his widow by Francis Rawdon Hastings [q. v.], marquis of Hastings, then governor-general, for a sum of 10,000l. They are said to have cost Mackenzie 15,000l. His own catalogue, a scholarly, painstaking work, was edited by Horace Wilson, secretary to the Asiatic society of Bengal, and published in 1828. A second and enlarged edition, with biographical notice of Mackenzie, was published at Madras in 1862. Most of Mackenzie's Sanskrit, Arabic, Persian, Javanese, and Burman books, his coins, images, &c., were sent home in three batches in 1823 and 1825, and, with some beautiful specimens of carved stonework forwarded by him in his lifetime, are now in the India Museum at South Kensington. All his manuscripts relating to southern India, and his collection of inscriptions, were lodged in 1828 in the library of the Madras College. There they remained in 'a confused and utterly useless state' until 1830, when the Madras Literary Society suggested that an attempt should be made to extract information from them, which appears to have been dropped for lack of funds. In 1836 the Rev. William Taylor, the orientalist, reported on them in a catalogue of 570 pages. They are now in the Government Oriental MSS. Library of the Presidency College, Madras.
In Dalrymple's 'Oriental Repository' are papers by Mackenzie on routes in Nellore and on the source of the Pennar. The 'Oriental Annual Register,' 1804, contains his 'Life of Hyder Ali' and 'Histories of the Bijayanagar and Unaganda Rajahs.' In 'Asiatic Researches,' vol. ix., he gave an account of his discovery of the religion and monuments of the Jains. He also published some papers in a Batavian journal during his stay in Java. In the British Museum are 'Observations on the Survey of the Nizam's Dominions,' 1787 (Addit. MS. 13582); 'Journal of a March Hyderabad to Seringapatam in 1798–9' (ib. 13663); 'Reports, Letters, &e., Mysore Survey,' 1800–6 (ib. 13660, 14380, ff. 23. 28); 'Drawings of Buildings and Sculptures Hindustan, 1799–1816' (ib. 29324).
[East India Registers; Roy. Asiatic Soc. of London Journal, i. 333–53; Description Cat. of Mackenzie Collections, with Life, 2nd ed. Madras. 1882; Men India has known; Clement Markham's Indian Surveys, 2nd ed. London, 1878, pp. 73–4; Vibart's Hist. of the Madras Sappers and Miners, London, 1882, ii. 107–13; Brit. Mus. Catalogues; Gent. Mag. 1821, pt. ii. p. 378.]
MACKENZIE, DUGAL (d. 1588?), Scottish author, was son of Dugal Mackenzie of Kishorn (natural son of John Mackenzie, ninth baron of Kintail). Dugal was educated at the school of Chanonry and the universities of Aberdeen (where he graduated M.A.) and Paris. On his return to Scotland, according to George Mackenzie (1669–1725) [q. v.], he was installed a regent in the university of Aberdeen, ‘with the unanimous applause of the whole masters of the University.’ Of this appointment there is no mention in the records of the university, which, however, are very imperfect for the sixteenth century.
Dempster, who styles him ‘David Makynius … vir magnæ et reconditæ eruditionis, memoria etiam in paucis rara,’ gives his date of death as ‘anno mdlxcviii,’ a possible misprint for mdxxcviii. The year 1588 is given by George Mackenzie, and agrees better with his parentage. According to Dempster he wrote ‘Carmina varia’ and ‘Epigrammata vtraque lingua.’ Tanner states that he published at Paris in 1578 ‘In Sibyllina Oracula,’ extracts from classical and patristic literature, 8vo.
[Dempster's De Scriptoribus Scotis, pp. 498–499; George Mackenzie's Writers of the Scots Nation, ii. 476–86; Tanner's Bibl. Brit. s.v. ‘Makynius;’ Alexander Mackenzie's History of the Clan Mackenzie, p. 116.]
MACKENZIE, ENEAS (1776–1832), topographer, was born in 1778 in Aberdeenshire, whence his parents removed to Newcastle-upon-Tyne when he was only three years old. After working with his father as a shoemaker, he became a baptist minister, and subsequently made an unsuccessful attempt to establish himself in business as a broker at Sunderland. Returning to Newcastle he opened a school, which he abandoned for his final occupation as a printer and publisher. He was chiefly instrumental in founding the Mechanics' Institution in Newcastle, where his bust is preserved. He was a liberal in politics, and one of the secretaries of the Northern Political Union. He died at Newcastle on 21 Feb. 1832.
