duke of Rutland. On 13 May 1778 he was promoted to be lieutenant of the Ocean, in which he was present in the action off Ushant on 27 July. On 17 Sept. he was moved into the Victory, flagship of Admiral Keppel, and on 15 July 1779 into the Alcide, one of the ships which went out to Gibraltar with Rodney and defeated the Spanish squadron off Cape St. Vincent. On 8 Dec. 1779 Lord Sandwich had written of Lord Robert to Rodney: 'There is another young man of fashion now in your squadron concerning whom I am tormented to death. I cannot do anything for him at home; therefore, if you could contrive while he remains with you, by some means or other, to give him rank, you will infinitely oblige me' (Mundy, Life of Rodney, i. 207). Rodney accordingly took the first opportunity, 17 Jan. 1780, to promote Manners to be captain of the Resolution, under Sir Challoner Ogle (d. 1816) [q. v.], whom he constituted a commodore. The Resolution returned to England with Rear-admiral Robert Digby [q. v.], and was shortly afterwards sent out to rsorth America with Rear-admiral Thomas (afterwards Lord) Graves [q. v.] When Rodney, after his visit to the coast of North America in the summer of 1780 [see Arbuthnot, Marriot; Rodney, George Brydges, Lord], returned to the West Indies, he took the Resolution with him, shortly after which Ogle, having been promoted to be rear-admiral, went home, leaving Manners in command of the ship. The whole business is a curious illustration of the crooked policy of the then first lord of the admiralty. In the following year the Resolution went north with Sir Samuel (afterwards Lord) Hood [q. v.], and took part in the action off Cape Henry on 5 Sept. She was afterwards with Hood at St. Kitts in January 1782, and in the battle of Dominica, 12 April 1782, was in the centre of the line, the third ship astern of the Formidable. In the action Manners received several severe wounds, in addition to having one leg shot off. From the strength of his constitution hopes were entertained of his recovery. He was put on board the Andromache frigate for a passage to England, but some days later lockjaw set in, and terminated fatally (Blane, Observations on the Diseases incident to Seamen, p. 479). He is described as a young man of great gallantry and promise. His portrait by Reynolds has been engraved.
[Commission and warrant books in the Public Record Office; Beatson's Naval and Military Memoirs.]
MANNERS, ROGER, fifth Earl of Rutland (1576–1612), born 6 Oct. 1576, was son of John, fourth earl of Rutland, and nephew of Edward, third earl [q . v .] His mother was Elizabeth, daughter of Francis Charleton of Apley Castle, Shropshire. He was educated for a time at Queens' College, Cambridge, and had a man and a boy to look after him. On 21 Feb. 1587-8 he succeeded as fifth Earl of Rutland on the death of his father, and, passing through London on his way to Cambridge, he had an interview with Queen Elizabeth, who spoke kindly to him and said that 'she knew his father for an honest man.' In 1590 his tutor, John Jegon [q. v.], removed to Corpus Christi College, and among other of his pupils, Rutland went with him; Burghley wrote approving of the change, and also of his going down to Belvoir for the hunting season. Jegon took great care of him, writing many letters to his mother. On 20 Feb. 1595 he became M.A. Burghley approved of his making a foreign tour, though he wrote that the young earl knew very little about his estate, and in September 1595 he received leave to travel abroad. For his guidance a manuscript of 'Profitable Instructions' (now Harl. MS. 6265, p. 428) was drawn up, which was printed, with two similar essays, in 1633, and was then assigned to Robert Devereux, second earl of Essex. Bacon was more probably the author (cf. Spedding, Bacon, ix. 4 so.) His old tutor Jegon warned him against the character of the French. Rutland sailed early in 1596 from Plymouth, and fassed by way of Paris to Switzerland and taly. In North Italy he had a dangerous illness (cf. Birch, Elizabeth, i. 428, ii. 26). He seems to have been fond of learned men, and met Caspar Waser at Zurich (Zurich Letters, Parker Soc, ii. 326). On 2 Feb. 1597-8 he was admitted member of Gray's Inn. As he had announced some time before his intention of joining Essex in his Irish expedition, he was made a colonel of foot in 1599. Essex knighted him 30 May 1599, but he passed only a short time in Ireland, as he was in England in June 1599, in some disgrace with the court. On 10 July 1599, he was incorporated M.A. at Oxford. Wood describes him as ' an eminent traveller and good soldier.' He passed a short time on service with the Dutch in company with the Earl of Northumberland, and 14 June 1600 became constable of Nottingham Castle and steward of Sherwood Forest. On 8 Feb. 1600-1 he took part in Essex's plot, and was one of those who were captured at Essex House. His uncle Roger, an old servant of the queen, who had three nephews implicated, lamented that they had ever been born. In the Tower, Rutland soon came to his senses, wrote very penitently, was examined and rated by the council, and was
