outran his judgment.’ The loss of his office involved a reduction of income which he could ill afford, and he was not highly successful in the attempt which he made to replace it by giving instruction in classical and modern languages.
He had commenced in January 1782 a ‘New Review,’ which aimed at giving a bird's-eye view of foreign publications, and he continued this considerable work, almost unassisted, down to September 1786. As a reviewer Gibbon speaks of him as the ‘angry son’ who wielded the rod of criticism with but little of ‘the tenderness and reluctance’ of his father. Horace Walpole speaks of some of his comments as ‘pert and foolish’ (cf. Canons of Criticism extracted from the Beauties of Maty's Review). A kindly man, though cantankerous and utterly devoid of his father's complaisance, Maty made strong friendships and strong enmities. He died of asthma on 16 Jan. 1787, and was buried in Bunhill Fields. He left his widow and young son (aged 10) in very poor circumstances. The child was educated at the expense of Dr. Burney, but died while at school. A medallion by James Tassie in the Scottish National Portrait Gallery depicts Maty's shaven face, bald prominent forehead, and protruding lower lip.
Three works appeared from Maty's hand bearing the date of the year of his death: 1. ‘A General Index to the Philosophical Transactions,’ vols. i–lxx. 4to, which he had prepared some time previously. 2. A translation of Riesbeck's ‘Travels through Germany, in a Series of Letters,’ 3 vols. 8vo (see Monthly Review, lxxvi. 608). 3. A French translation of the text to the first volume of ‘Gemmæ Marlburienses,’ to accompany the Latin of James Bryant, for which Maty received 100l. and a copy of the work (cf. Brunet, Manuel, 1861, ii. 1528). A volume of sermons delivered in the Ambassador's Chapel at Paris during the years 1774, 1775, and 1776, in which some of Secker's sermons were inadvertently included, was published in 1788. Bishop Horsley, Dean Layard, and Dr. Southgate were responsible for the editing.
[Gent. Mag. 1787, i. 92; Nichols's Lit. Anecd. iii. 259, 261, 623, iv. 97, v. passim, and Lit. Illustr. iv. 833; Watt's Bibl. Britannica; Chalmers's Biog. Dict.; Welch's Queen's Scholars, p. 380; D'Arblay's Memoirs, iii. 303; Green's Diary of a Lover of Lit. 1810, pp. 162, 169, 173; Gibbon's Memoirs; Lindsey's Historical View of the Unitarian Doctrine, 1783, pp. 515–25; Rutt's Memoirs of Priestley, i. 406, 407; Add. MS. 33977; An Authentic Narrative of the Dissensions and Debates in the Roy. Soc. 1784.]
MAUCLERK, WALTER (d. 1248), bishop of Carlisle, first appears as a royal clerk in 1202, when he was presented to the church of the Trinity at Falaise. Afterwards he also received two parts of Croxton, Lincolnshire, in 1205; Nimeton (probably Nympton), Devonshire, 1207; a moiety of Catfield, Norfolk, in 1212; and on 16 Sept. 1213 Mylor, Cornwall (Cal. Rot. Pat. 14, 49b, 74, 93, 103). In 1205 he appears as bailiff of the county of Lincoln. In June 1210 he was sent on a mission to Ireland, and again in October 1212 was sent over to take charge of the exchequer there (Sweetman, Cal. Documents relating to Ireland, i. 401, 441, 443). In 1215 he was sent to Rome to urge the royal complaints against the barons (Fœdera, i. 120). In 1219 he was a justice itinerant for the counties of Lincoln, Nottingham, and Derby, and was employed with the sheriff for the collection of royal dues and in the collection of fines (cf. Shirley, Royal Letters, i. 20, 28, 36). In 1220 he appears as prebend of Woodburgh, Southwell (Le Neve, iii. 488). He was a justice of the forest in 1221, and next year was sheriff of Cumberland and constable of Carlisle.
In August 1223 Mauclerk was elected bishop of Carlisle, but as this had been done without the royal permission assent was withheld till 27 Oct. (Cal. Rot. Claus. i. 560, 573). In Oct. 1224 he was appointed to go on an embassy to Germany, and set out in the following January. His mission was to treat for the king's marriage with a daughter of Leopold of Austria, and with the Archbishop of Cologne. Three letters from Mauclerk reporting on the progress of his embassy have been preserved (Shirley, i. 249–54, 259, 260. These letters have been sometimes confused with a later mission in 1235, but cf. Fœdera, i. 275, orig. edit. and Pauli, Geschichte, iii. 549 n. 2). While at Cologne Mauclerk dedicated a ‘capsa’ in the Church of the Apostles there. In January 1227 Mauclerk was sent on an embassy to the court of Brittany to negotiate a marriage for Henry. This mission was concerned with the troubles in France consequent on the minority of Louis IX. The moment seemed advantageous for pressing the English king's claims to his ancestral possessions, but the mission failed of its object, because the French nobles had in the meantime made terms with the regent Blanche (Matt. Paris, iii. 123; Ann. Mon. iii. 203; iv. 420). Mauclerk was back in England by Easter. He seems to have been treasurer before 27 May 1227, when he witnesses a charter in this capacity (cf. Giraldus Cambrensis vii. 232–4). Foss, however, states that he was
