position, translated into French, German (1875), and Czech (1885).
- ‘Lessons in … Practical Physics,’ in conjunction with Mr. William Haldane Gee, assistant lecturer in the Owens College, vol. i. 1885; vol. ii. 1887; ‘the most complete exposition of experimental methods in physics which has been written’ (Schuster).
- ‘Lessons in Practical Physics for Schools,’ 1888, also in conjunction with Mr. Gee. He also contributed an important article on ‘Terrestrial Magnetism’ to the ninth edition of the ‘Encyclopædia Britannica.’
In 1874 Stewart edited, jointly with his colleague, Professor Adolphus William Ward (later principal of the college), a series of ‘Essays and Addresses by Professors and Lecturers of the Owens College.’ He was joint-editor with Professors Thomas Henry Huxley (1825–1895) and (Sir) Henry Enfield Roscoe of a valuable series of science primers published by Messrs. Macmillan & Co., for which Stewart wrote the ‘Primer of Physics’ (1872).
[Besides the sources mentioned, see Manchester Guardian, 20 and 24 Dec. 1887; Proceedings of the Society for Psychical Research, i. 35, iii. 64, iv. 42, 262, v. 1; Thompson's The Owens College, passim; Men and Women of the Time, 12th edit. (from notes by Stewart); obituaries in Nature, xxxviii. 202, and Proc. Royal Society, xlvii. p. ix, by P. G. Tait; Memoirs of Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society [4] i. 253, and Monthly Notices of Royal Astron. Society, xlviii. 166, by Professor Arthur Schuster, F.R.S.; Proc. of the Physical Society for 1887–8, p. 10, see also p. 6; Proc. Roy. Soc. xlv. 85, xxxix. 37 et seq. (Hist. of the Kew Observatory by R. H. Scott, F.R.S.); Roscoe and Schuster's Spectrum Analysis, passim; Life and Letters of J. D. Forbes, pp. 367, 391 (a communication from Stewart); Brit. Mus. Cat.; private information from Mrs. Balfour Stewart (his widow) and Professor Schuster; Stewart's own works, and personal knowledge. Stewart published an historical account of the theory of exchanges (including spectrum analysis) in the Brit. Assoc. Report for 1861, i. 97 &c. Kirchhoff published in Poggendorff's Annalen for 1862 (vol. xviii.) an historical account of the history of spectrum analysis, containing a somewhat grudging estimate of Stewart's work.]
STEWART, BERNARD or BERAULT third Sieur D'Aubigny (1447?-1508). [See Stuart.]
STEWART, BERNARD, titular Earl of Lichfield (1623?-1645). [See Stuart.]
STEWART, CHARLES, third Duke of Lennox and third Duke of Richmond. [See Stuart.]
STEWART, CHARLES (1775–1812), lieutenant-colonel, born in 1775, was the eldest son of Thomas Stewart of Drumin, Banffshire, a lieutenant in the 56th foot, by Anne (Gordon). After serving for a short time in the Duke of Gordon's fencibles, he was commissioned as lieutenant in the 71st (highland) regiment on 25 Jan. 1791. He joined the regiment in India, and was wounded in the attack on Tippoo Sahib's camp at Seringapatam on 6–7 Feb. 1792. He was with the light company, and was noticed by Lord Cornwallis. On 3 April 1794 he obtained a company in the 109th, and, when that regiment was reduced in the following year, he was transferred with the men to the 53rd (2 Sept. 1795).
He served several years in the West Indies, and was wounded in storming the Morne Fortuné at St. Lucia in May 1796. He was promoted major in the regiment on 4 April 1800, and came home in command of it about 1804. On 17 Feb. 1805 he was made lieutenant-colonel of the newly raised 2nd battalion of the 50th. Sir Charles James Napier, who was major under him, wrote of him at the time as very pleasant in command and very decided, and afterwards spoke of him as one of the best officers of his rank in the service.
Having been transferred to the 1st battalion, Stewart served with it in the Walcheren expedition, was left in command of the rear-guard when the army withdrew, and was mentioned in despatches. In September 1810 he went to the Peninsula with the 1st battalion, and commanded it throughout the campaigns of 1811–12. It was engaged at Fuentes d'Onoro, and was soon afterwards attached to Hill's corps [see Hill, Rowland, first Viscount Hill], and took part in the actions of Arroyo de Molinos, Almaraz, and Alba de Tormes. In the storming of Fort Napoleon, at Almaraz, Stewart led the right wing of his regiment ‘in a most gallant and spirited manner.’ The hardships of the retreat to Portugal in the autumn of 1812 broke down his health, and he died at Coria on 11 Dec., and was buried with military honours in the Campo Santo. He was unmarried.
[Military Mag. January 1813; Fyler's History of the 50th Regiment; Adventures of Captain J. Paterson, pp. 5, 271; Life and Opinions of Sir C. J. Napier, i. 71; private information.]
STEWART, CHARLES (1764–1837), orientalist, eldest son of Poyntz Stewart, captain 1st regiment, of Lisburn, co. Antrim, was born in 1764. In 1781 he entered the East India Company's Bengal army as cadet, and left it with the rank of major in
