in 1862 he was able to bring some of his historical studies to fruition in his valuable ‘Anglo-Saxon Home: a History of the Domestic Institutions and Customs of England from the Fifth to the Eleventh Century’ (see Athenæum, 1862, ii. 178). John Thrupp died at Sunnyside, Dorking, on 20 Jan. 1870. He was thrice married, but left no issue.
[Law Times, 19 Feb. 1870; private information; Brit. Mus. Cat.]
THRUPP, JOSEPH FRANCIS (1827–1867), divine, only son of Joseph William Thrupp, solicitor, of 55 Upper Brook Street, and Merrow House, Guildford, was born on 20 May 1827. Frederick Thrupp [q. v.] was his uncle. He was educated at Winchester College under Bishop Moberly from 1840 to 1845, becoming head prefect, and at Trinity College, Cambridge. He graduated B.A. in 1849 as seventh wrangler and eleventh classic, and proceeded M.A. in 1852. He was elected to a fellowship at Trinity, and afterwards travelled in Palestine. He was ordained in 1852, and in the same year accepted the small college living of Barrington, Royston. Thrupp was for some time member of the board of theological studies at Cambridge, and in 1865 was select preacher. He contributed to the ‘Speaker's Commentary’ and to Smith's ‘Dictionary of the Bible.’ He died at Surbiton on 23 Sept. 1867, and is buried at Merrow. In 1853 he married Elizabeth Bligh, fourth daughter of the Rev. John Daniel Glennie of St. Mary's, Park Street. He is commemorated by a window in Trinity College chapel and another in Barrington church, both presented by his widow. He published: 1. ‘Ancient Jerusalem’ (1855). 2. An excellent ‘Introduction to the Psalms,’ 2 vols. 1860. 3. ‘A Translation of the Song of Songs,’ 1862.
[Gent. Mag. 1867, ii. 550; information from Mrs. Elizabeth B. Thrupp and C. W. Holgate.]
THURCYTEL (d. 975), abbot of Crowland, was a clerk of royal race and of great wealth, the kinsman probably of Archbishop Oskytel [q. v.] of York. Having decided to renounce the world, he persuaded King Edred or Eadred to give him the abbey of Crowland, then a poor and struggling house surrounded by swamps and marshes. At Crowland Thurcytel became a monk in the first place probably about 946, but was shortly elected abbot. He restored the house, endowed it of his great wealth with six manors, and may be regarded as its second founder. The charter he obtained from King Edgar or Eadgar [q. v.] in 966 is still extant (Dugdale, Monast. Angl. ii. 115 sq.). He was the friend of St. Dunstan [q. v.], of Ethelwold (d. 984) [q. v.], bishop of Winchester, and of Oswald (d. 972) [q. v.], archbishop of York. From this fact, together with the accounts of his life, both legendary and authentic, it may be inferred that he took part in the struggle of the day between the secular clerks and the regular monks, and assisted in the revival of monasticism in this country in the tenth century. He died probably in July 975, and his work at Crowland was taken up successively by two of his kinsmen.
Thurcytel is perhaps chiefly known from the narrative of the false Ingulf, which gives a detailed but fabulous account of his life and work both before and after he went to Crowland. The trustworthy story from which this fable grew up is contained in the narrative of Orderic Vitalis, who makes no mention of the legends contained in Ingulf.
[Orderici Vitalis Hist. Eccles. ii. 281–3, ed. Le Prévost; see also the so-called Ingulf of Crowland ap. Savile's Angl. Rer. Script. post Bedam, pp. 872 seq.; Freeman's Norman Conquest, iv. 597; Dugdale's Monast. Angl. ii. 92 seq., which follows Ingulf.]
THURKILBI, ROGER de (d. 1260), judge, was the son and heir of Thomas de Thurkilbi, who took his name from a hamlet in the parish of Kirby Grindalyth in the East Riding of Yorkshire. It is probable, from the difficulty of accounting otherwise for his sudden elevation to judicial office, that Roger was a lawyer by profession. He was never a tenant in capite, and, although the possessor of many manors in his native county, he never served as its sheriff. Nor did he owe his advancement to his father, who was a man of no political or administrative importance.
From certain grants made to Thurkilbi in June 1233 it may be inferred that he was already engaged in the king's service, perhaps as his advocate, or as a clerk in the chancery. In 24 Henry III (1239–40) he was appointed to itinerate in Norfolk and twelve other counties with William of York, Henry de Bath, and Gilbert de Preston, three of the most distinguished judges of the century. He was engaged in this way until November in 26 Henry III (1241), when the feet of fines show that the eyre was concluded. In the following Easter he was directed to deliver the gaols of Norwich and Ipswich; and in April he witnessed two royal charters, when the king was at Winchester. At the beginning of Trinity term he sat for the first time in the common bench at Westminster, with Robert de Lexinton as presiding judge. In Hilary and the early part of Trinity terms in 27 Henry III (1242–3) he itinerated in Somer-
