dall's name between 1850 and 1883, indicating approximately the number of his contributions to the ‘Philosophical Transactions,’ the ‘Philosophical Magazine,’ the ‘Proceedings’ of the Royal Society and of the Royal Institution, and other scientific journals. A great variety of subjects besides those glanced at above occupied his attention. They are for the most part dealt with in the miscellaneous essays collected in ‘Fragments of Science’ and ‘New Fragments.’ The essence of his teaching is contained in the following publications:
- ‘The Glaciers of the Alps, being a Narrative of Excursions and Ascents, an Account of the Origin and Phenomena of Glaciers, and an Exposition of the Physical Principles to which they are related,’ 1860; reprinted in 1896; translated for the first time into German in 1898.
- ‘Mountaineering in 1861: a vacation tour,’ 1862 (mostly repeated in ‘Hours of Exercise’).
- ‘Heat considered as a Mode of Motion,’ 1863; fresh editions, each altered and enlarged, in 1865, 1868, 1870, 1875; the sixth edition, 1880, was stereotyped.
- ‘On Sound,’ a course of eight lectures, 1867; 3rd edit., with additions, 1875; 4th edit., revised and augmented, 1883; 5th edit., revised, 1893.
- ‘Faraday as a Discoverer,’ 1868; 5th edit., revised 1894.
- ‘Researches on Diamagnetism and Magne-crystallic Action, including the question of Diamagnetic Polarity,’ 1870; third and smaller edition, 1888.
- ‘Fragments of Science for Unscientific People: a series of Detached Essays, Lectures, and Reviews,’ 1871; augmented in the first five editions; from 6th edit., 1879, in 2 vols.
- ‘Hours of Exercise in the Alps,’ 1871; 2nd edit. 1871; 3rd edit. 1873; a reprint is now in hand (1898).
- ‘Contributions to Molecular Physics in the Domain of Radiant Heat’ (memoirs from the ‘Philosophical Transactions’ and ‘Philosophical Magazine,’ with additions), 1872.
- ‘The Forms of Water in Clouds and Rivers, Ice, and Glaciers’ (International Scient. Ser.), 1872; 12th edit. 1897.
- ‘Six Lectures on Light, delivered in America in 1872–3’ (1873); 5th edit. 1895.
- ‘Lessons in Electricity, at the Royal Institution,’ 1876; 5th edit. 1892.
- ‘Essays on the Floating Matter of the Air in relation to Putrefaction and Infection,’ 1881; 2nd edit. 1883.
- ‘New Fragments,’ 1892; last edit. 1897.
- ‘Notes on Light: nine Lectures delivered in 1869,’ 1870.
- ‘Notes on Electrical Phenomena and Theories, seven Lectures delivered in 1870,’ 1870.
[A life is being prepared, based upon the materials, in the possession of Mrs. Tyndall, used in the above article. Among many contemporary notices (in some of which are slight inaccuracies) are: Proc. Roy. Soc. vol. lv. p. xviii, and Proc. Inst. Civil Engineers, cxvi. (session 1893–4), ii. 340, both by Sir Edward Frankland; Proc. Roy. Inst. (special meeting, 15 Dec. 1893), xiv. 161–8, by Sir James Crichton Browne; ib. xiv. 216–24, by Lord Rayleigh; Nineteenth Century, Jan. 1894, by Prof. Huxley; Fortnightly Rev. Feb. 1894, by Herbert Spencer; Times, 5 Dec. 1893; Journal Chemical Soc. lxv. 389; Physical Rev., i. 302. See also on Tyndall's retirement, Times, 8 April and 30 June 1887 (appreciation by Sir George Stokes).]
TYRAWLEY, LORDS. [See O'Hara, Sir Charles, first lord, 1640?-1724; O'Hara, James, second lord, 1690-1773.]
TYRCONNEL, Earl and titular Duke of. [See Talbot, Richard, 1630-1691.]
TYRIE, JAMES (1543–1597), jesuit theologian, born in 1543, was a younger son of David Tyrie of Drumkilbo, Perthshire. His family was connected by marriage with that of Lord Gray and of Lord Hume (Douglas, Peerage, i. 670; Cal. Hatfield MSS. iv. 122). His eldest brother, David, married Margaret Fotheringham, embraced the reformed religion, and in 1567 signed the bond of association connected with the abdication of the queen and the appointment of Moray as regent. He died in March, and his son David was served heir of his father on 20 May 1572 (Retours, Perth, No. 27, apud Laing's Knox).
James Tyrie was educated at St. Andrews University, and was, with other young Scotsmen, carried abroad by Edmund Hay [q. v.], who was acting as the companion and guide of the jesuit Nicolas de Gouda, papal envoy to Mary Stuart in 1562. He made a short stay at Louvain, where he conceived the idea of entering the Society of Jesus, into which he was admitted at Rome on 19 Aug. 1563, when he was twenty years of age. Meanwhile he had been sent from Rome to Paris to assist in the establishment there of the jesuit college of Clermont, where he resided for some twenty-five years as professor of philosophy and divinity, and subsequently as rector. From Paris he had corresponded with his brother David, with the object of winning him back to the Roman church. One of these controversial letters, dealing with the question of the visibility of the church, was submitted at the close of 1566 to John Knox in order that he might write a reply to it. This Knox did at once, but for some unexplained reason he set aside his manuscript until shortly before his death in 1572, when
