genius is unduly enthusiastic. Great as is his tragic intensity, Tourneur luxuriates in hideous forms of vice to an extent which almost suggests moral aberration, and sets his work in a category of dramatic art far below the highest. Whether his choice of topics was due to a morbid mental development, or merely to a spirit of literary emulation in the genre of Ford and Webster, a more extended knowledge of Tourneur's life might possibly enable us to ascertain.
‘The Revengers Tragædie’ first appeared in quarto, London, 1607 (licensed to Geo. Eld on 7 Oct. 1607; the British Museum has three copies, one containing some seventeenth century emendations); some remainder copies are dated 1608. It has not been reprinted separately, but appears in Dodsley's ‘Old Plays,’ 1744, 1780, and 1825, vol. iv., and 1874, vol. x., and in the ‘Ancient British Drama,’ 1810, vol. ii. ‘The Atheists Tragedie’ (licensed to John Stepneth on 14 Sept.) appeared in quarto, London, 1611; some unsold copies were dated 1612. It was reprinted 1792, 8vo, and 1794, 8vo (Brit. Mus. Cat.)
An edition of the ‘Plays and Poems of Cyril Tourneur, edited, with Critical Introduction and Notes, by John Churton Collins,’ appeared in 1878 (London, 2 vols. 8vo). The two plays were edited along with ‘The White Devil’ and the ‘Duchess of Malfi’ of John Webster, and an ‘introduction’ by John Addington Symonds in 1888 (London, 8vo, the Mermaid Series).
[Nothing whatever was known of the life of Cyril Tourneur until, in a communication to the Academy, 9 May 1891, Mr. Gordon Goodwin gave the references to Tourneur in the Calendar of State Papers, forming a clue which has here been followed up. For criticism and bibliography see Plays and Poems of Tourneur, 1878; Langbaine's Lives of the English Dramatists, 1691; Baker's Biogr. Dram.; Fleay's Chron. of the English Drama, ii. 263–4; Genest's Hist. of English Stage, x. 19–21; Ward's Engl. Drama, ii. 263–4; Hunter's Chorus Vatum (Addit. MS. 24491, f. 56); Cunningham's Revels, p. xliii; Hazlitt's Handbook, p. 612; Huth's Libr. Cat.; Hallam's Lit. of Europe, vol. ii.; Hazlitt's Elizabethan Literature, 1884, p. 104; Lamb's Dramatic Writers, 1884, p. 251; Minto's English Poets, 1874, pp. 466–70; Lee's Euphorion, i. 72–9; Monthly Mag. new ser. v. 135; Retrospective Review, vii. 331–52; see also Hatfield Papers (Hist. MSS. Comm.), iii. 292, 299, iv. 293, 567, vi. 307, 311; Dalton's Life and Times of General Sir Edward Cecil, Viscount Wimbledon; Glanville's Journal of the Voyage to Cadiz (Camden Soc.); Markham's Fighting Veres, 1888; Academy, 31 March 1894; Lowndes' Bibl. Man. (Bohn), p. 2701; Brit. Mus. Cat.]
TOURS, BERTHOLD (1838–1897), musician and musical editor, whose baptismal name was Bartolomeus was son of Bartolomeus Tours, organist of the church of St. Lawrence, Rotterdam, and was born in that city on 17 Dec. 1838. He was a pupil of, and assistant to, his father and he also studied under Verhulst. He subsequently became a student at the Brussels and (in 1857) Leipzig conservatoires. From January 1859 to April 1861 Tours lived in Russia in the service of the music-loving Prince Galitzin, and then migrated to London, where he remained till his death, though he retained his nationality. He played the violin in the orchestra at the Adelphi Theatre and in Alfred Mellon's band, and joined the Italian opera orchestra in 1862. He also played in the orchestra at various provincial festivals. He held the post of organist at St. Helen's, Bishopsgate Street (1864–5), St. Peter's, Stepney (1865–7), and Église Suisse, Bloomsbury (1867–79). In 1872 he joined the editorial staff of the music publishing house of Novello, Ewer, & Co., and in 1877 became chief editor, a post in which he turned to advantage his critical acumen, judgment, and perseverance. Tours died at his residence at Hammersmith, on 11 March 1897, and is buried in Highgate cemetery. He married, June 1868, Susan Elizabeth Taylor, and by her had a daughter and five sons.
Tours was a prolific composer of services, anthems, songs, &c., of which his ‘Service in F’ is well known. He also composed an excellent primer for the violin, which attained wide popularity.
[Musical Times, April 1897; private information.]
TOURS, STEPHEN de (d. 1215), justiciar. [See Turnham.]
TOVEY, DE BLOSSIERS (1692–1745), author of ‘Anglia Judaica,’ son of John Tovey, a citizen and apothecary of London, was born in the parish of St. Martin-in-the-Fields on 1 March 1691–2. He matriculated from Queen's College, Oxford, on 12 March 1708–9, and graduated B.A. in 1712. He was elected fellow of Merton College in the same year, and proceeded M.A. in 1715. He was called to the bar of the Inner Temple in 1717, and took the degree of D.C.L. at Oxford in 1721. He was ordained soon afterwards. From 1723 to 1727 he was rector of Farley, Surrey, and from 1727 to 1732 vicar of Embleton, Northumberland. In 1732 he returned to Oxford on his election as principal of New Inn Hall, and he held that office until his death in 1745.
Tovey was interested in history and
