cess]. Eighteen years of happy wedded life followed, during which the duke and duchess lived for the most part in retirement, occupying themselves with various philanthropic schemes. After the duke's death the duchess lived in still greater seclusion, devoting herself almost entirely to good works. She outlived all her brothers and sisters, and died at Gloucester House, Park Lane, on 30 April 1857. Her remains were interred in the royal vault at Windsor (Gent. Mag. 1857, i. 728; Harriet Martineau, Biogr. Sketches, 1870; Mrs. Delany, Corresp. ed. Lady Llanover).
[Ann. Reg. 1794 p. 323, Chron. p. 68, 1799 Chron. App. pp. 145 et seq., 1806 Chron. p. 173, 1816 p. 208, 1834 Chron. App. p. 247; Grad. Cantabr.; Nicolas's Brit. Knighthood, vol. ii. Chron. List, p. lxxiii, vol. iii., Chron. List. p. xxx; O. G. Chron. List, p. iv; Gent. Mag. 1794 i. 375, 1816 ii. 78, 1835 i. 86; Royal Kalendar, 1833, p. 285; Walpole's Letters, ed. Cunningham, vi. 440; G. E. C[okayne]'s Complete Peerage; Greville Memoirs, ed. Reeve, ii. 8, 16; R. I. and S. Wilberforce's Life of William Wilberforce; Z. Macaulay's Letter to H.R.H. the Duke of Gloucester, 1815; Romilly's Memoirs; Buckingham's Memoirs of the Court of England during the Regency, i. 236, ii. 335; Buckingham's Memoirs of the Court of George IV, i. 90; Buckingham's Court and Cabinets of William IV and Victoria, i. 363, ii. 68, 93, 116, 145; Madame D'Arblay's Diary, vii. 345; Colchester's Diary; Diary of the Times of George IV, ii. 279; Brougham's Autobiography, ii. 232, 404; Correspondence of Princess Lieven and Earl Grey, ed. Le Strange, ii. 228, 381, 493, 496; Raikes's Journal, i. 308; Hansard's Parl. Debates, ii. 231, viii. 665, x. 1179, xviii. 1068, xxii. 506, xxiv. 111, xxviii. 610, new ser. xiv. 1154, xix. 1189, 3rd ser. viii. 339, xii. 455; Hist. MSS. Comm. 8th Rep. App. ii. 137, 14th Rep. App. iv. 525.]
WILLIAM Fitzosbern, Earl of Hereford (d. 1071). [See Fitzosbern.]
WILLIAM Malet or Mallet (d. 1071), companion of the Conqueror. [See Malet.]
WILLIAM (d. 1075), bishop of London, a Norman priest, and one of the clerks or chaplains of Edward the Confessor [q. v.], was chosen bishop of London in 1051, during the absence of Earl Godwin [q. v.], in place of Spearhafoc to whom Archbishop Robert of Jumièges [q. v.], had refused consecration, and was consecrated by Robert. On the return of Godwin in September 1052, he fled from London in company with Robert (A.-S. Chron. ‘Abingdon,’ sub an.), but, as he was popular on account of his goodness of heart, he was soon recalled and reinstated in his see (Flor. Wig.) The Conqueror's charter to London is addressed to him as well as to the portreeve, his name coming first. He was perhaps, in or about 1068, one of three commissioners appointed to arrange the general redemption by the English of their lands (Freeman, Norman Conquest, iv. 26, 725). He consecrated Lanfranc to the see of Canterbury in 1070, was present at the council that Lanfranc held in London in 1075, and died in that year. The citizens of London are said to have long kept his day, honouring him doubtless for his connection with the Conqueror's charter, and they placed a laudatory epitaph on his tomb in the middle of the nave of St. Paul's Church (copied by Godwin, De Præsulibus, pp. 174–5). That in spite of his nationality he was restored to his see is a sufficient witness to his high character. The Conqueror enabled him to retain some lands that belonged to his see (Norman Conq. v. 741).
[Authorities quoted; Will. of Malmesbury's Gesta Pontiff. p. 66 n.; Vita Lanfranci, p. 300, ed. Giles.]
WILLIAM de St. Carilef or St. Calais (d. 1096), bishop of Durham. [See Carilef.]
WILLIAM of Chester (fl. 1109), poet, was a pupil of Anselm, probably at Bec, and became a Benedictine monk of Chester, which was founded from Bec in 1092. He wrote a poem addressed to Anselm on his elevation to the see of Canterbury, which Anselm acknowledged in Ep. iii. 84, and also an Epicedion in elegiacs on his death, printed in Baluze's ‘Miscellanea,’ iv. 15. He is probably to be distinguished from the abbot of Chester who ruled 1121–1140.
[Tanner's Bibliotheca, p. 355; Bale's Script. x. 42; Pits, De Scripp. p. 194.]
WILLIAM Giffard (d. 1129), bishop of Winchester. [See Giffard.]
WILLIAM (d. 1135?), archbishop of Tyre, an Englishman by birth, was prior of the Holy Sepulchre at Jerusalem when King Baldwin II and the princes of the Holy Land appointed him archbishop of Tyre, ‘in the spring, in the fourth year after that city was restored to the Christian faith,’ i.e. 1128. He was the first Latin occupant of the see; Odo, who had been consecrated to it while it was still in the hands of the infidels, having died before it was won (7 July 1124). William was consecrated by Gormund, the patriarch of Jerusalem, and immediately went to Rome for his pall. Honorius II gave it to him, together with two commendatory letters,
