in the ‘Massachusetts Historical Collection,’ 4th ser. vols. vi. and vii., 5th ser. vol. viii. A portrait is in the gallery of the Massachusetts Historical Society; it is reproduced in ‘Winthrop Papers’ (vol. vi.), in Bowen's ‘Boundary Disputes of Connecticut,’ in Winsor's ‘History’ (iii. 331), and elsewhere.
[Massachusetts Hist. Soc. Collections (esp. 3rd ser. vols. ix. and x.); Winthrop's Hist. of New England; Life and Letters of John Winthrop by Robert C. Winthrop; Benjamin Trumbull's Hist. of Connecticut, 1797, i. 363; J. H. Trumbull's Public Records of the Colony of Connecticut, 1850–2, vols. i. and ii.; Palfrey's Hist. of New England; Evidences of the Winthrops of Groton, 1896, p. 27; Thomson's Hist. of the Royal Soc.; Brit. Mus. Addit. MS. 19156, f. 24.]
WINTON, Earls of. [See Seton, George, third earl, 1584–1650; Seton, George, fifth earl, d. 1749; Montgomerie, Arcibald William, 1812–1861.]
WINTON, ANDREW of (fl. 1415), Scottish poet. [See Wyntoun.]
WINTOUR. [See also Winter.]
WINTOUR, JOHN CRAWFORD (1825–1882), landscape-painter, was born in Wright's Houses, Edinburgh, in October 1825. His father, William Wintour, was a working currier; his mother, Margaret Crawford, a farmer's daughter. At an early age Wintour exhibited a talent for drawing, and, entering the Trustees' Academy, he made rapid progress and became a favourite with his master, Sir William Allan [q. v.] From the time he was seventeen he maintained himself by miniature and portrait painting, and by making anatomical diagrams for the university professors. He also painted a few figure pictures, notably one or two of fairy subjects, which, although immature in many ways, are remarkable for beauty of colour and grace of composition. About 1850, however, he turned his attention to landscape, in which he found his real vocation. At first his landscapes were somewhat flimsy and superficial, but during the next few years he seems to have come under the influence of John Constable (1776–1837) [q. v.], and his work gained in strength and evinced a closer study of nature. In 1859 Wintour was elected an associate of the Royal Scottish Academy, and two years later he spent the autumn in Warwickshire. From this date his pictures became more personal in feeling, broader and more expressive in handling, and richer in colour and composition.
Wintour's art occupies a distinct place in Scottish landscape painting. Beginning with his own feeling for nature, he received an impulse from Constable, which resulted in effects similar in kind to those of the French romantics of 1830, who had also been influenced by the English painter's work. Perhaps his finest period was about 1870, when he painted the ‘Moonlight’ at Killiecrankie and the ‘Border Castle;’ but, while his latest pictures were often careless in draughtsmanship and handling, his special qualities of colour and design culminated in the ‘Gloamin on the Eye,’ painted two years before his death. For a number of years his health had been failing, his self-control was not what it might have been, his associates were not of the best, and when, on 29 July 1882, he died, medical examination revealed a tumour on the brain. An exhibition of nearly 150 of his pictures and drawings was held in Edinburgh in 1888. The catalogue contains a portrait of Wintour, reproduced from a photograph, and a critical and biographical note by P. McOmish Dott.
Wintour was married to Charlotte Ross, but had no family. His widow survived him a few months.
[Catalogue of Loan Exhibition of Wintour's Works, 1888; Scottish Art Review, July 1888; Academy, 16 June 1888; Blackwood's Magazine, March 1895; information from relatives.]
WINTRINGHAM, CLIFTON (1689–1748), physician, baptised at East Retford in Nottinghamshire on 11 April 1689, was the son of William Wintringham, vicar of East Retford, by his wife Gertrude, daughter of Clifton Rodes of Sturton, son of Sir Francis Rodes, bart., of Barlborough, and great-grandson of the judge, Francis Rodes [q. v.] He was educated at Jesus College, Cambridge, and on 3 July 1711 was admitted an extra licentiate of the College of Physicians, settling at York, where he practised with great success for more than thirty-five years. In 1746 he was appointed one of the physicians in the York county hospital. He died at York on 12 March 1747–8, and was buried at St. Michael-le-Belfry in that city three days later. He was twice married. By his first wife, Elizabeth, daughter of Richard Nettleton of Earls Heaton in Yorkshire, he had a son, Sir Clifton Wintringham, bart. [q. v.], who is separately noticed.
Wintringham was the author of several medical works ‘full of good sense and practical information’ (Munk): 1. ‘Tractatus de Podagra, in quo de ultimis vasis et liquidis et succo nutritio tractatur,’ York, 1714, 8vo. 2. ‘A Treatise of Endemic Diseases,’ York, 1718, 8vo. 3. ‘An Essay on Contagious
