Part II., § 28. — Sch(X)ls of Painting
In the following Tables are included the main facts in the history of Painting since about a . d. iooo, with the artists of the first, second and third ranlc in their schools and periods. The relative importance of the artists is shown by the size of the capitals in which their names are printed. Facts and names of minor importance have in the interest of clearness been'excluded. The names are given as commonly used, and where they differ from the headings of the separate biographical articles identification can be made by the Index. Words indicating localities are in italics.)
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1200
1150
10
woo
I.
MEDIEVAL PAINTING & ITS OFFSHOOTS NORTH OF THE ALPS.
From the Caroiingian period till the Xlltti century Germany is the chief European centre uf artistic production. From about 1150 to 1300 France takes the leati. Italy is in the background till about 1250.J
} Romanesque Wall and Panel Painting, Reichenau, Brauweiler, Brunswick, Hildesheim, Soesl, &c. r Romanesque Sculpture, Hildesheim, Brunswick, Wechselburg, Freiberg i. S., &c.
(THE GOTHIC MOVEMENT IN CENTRAL FRANCE FROM 1150. 1
} Gothic decorative Sculpture, Stained Glass, Ivories, MS. Illuminations, &c. l to
I Qualities in the work: — Refinement, Tenderness of Feeling, Love of Nature, j 1300
ITALY.
(For Comijarison.)
5. A n^elo in Formis, Willi paintings of c. 1100.
Byzantine panels imported.
Proto-Renaissance,
c. 12001300.
GOTHIC INFLUENCE ON NORTHERN PAINTING. Wall and Panel Paintings at Ramersdorf, Cologne, Westminster, &c. THE EARLIEST NORTHERN SCHOOLS.
GERMANY. FLANDERS.
Early Religious Schools (Gothic).
Prague, from c. 1348. HOLLAND.
Cologne. MEISTER WILHELM, fl. c. 1360. HUBERT & J.N
Gothic characteristics in GIOTTO, 1267-1337.
EYCK. n. c. 1380-1440.
HERMANN WYNRICH, fl. c. 1400. STEPHANLOCHNER (Dombild, c. 1440)
German Realism begins.
MARTIN SCHONGAUER {Colmar), c. 1450 14SS. Influenced by Van der Wcyden.
EARTH. ZEITBLOM (Ulm), C. 145O-C. 152O. HANS HOLBEIN THE ELDER (Augsburg), d. 1524
doration of the Lamb, Ghent. 1432. ROGER VAN DER WEYDEN, :39g-1464 {in Italy. 1449).
DIERICK BOCTS (.Ilaarlem), 1400(?)-1475. (Perhaps author of the " Lieversberg Passion. ) PETRUS CRISTUS, c. I4IO-1472.
HANS MEMLINC, c. 1430-1494. HUGO VAN DER GOES, c. 1435-1482. r.ERARD DAVID (Oudewater), c. 1450-1523.
MASACCIO, 1402-1429. Age of humanism begins.
ALBRECHT DURER
{Nuremberg'), 1471-152S. LUCAS CRANACH, i4-2-i5S3 HANSBURGKMAIR, 1473-153I M.THIAS GRUNEWALD, c. i47S-c. 1530-BARTH. BRUYN, c. 1493-I:. 1555-. Painter of Portraits.
HANS HOLBEIN, 1497-1543. England
his headquarters, 1526-1543.
ADAM ELSHEIMER, 1578-1620. Influential at
Rome c. 1600.
LUCAS VAN LEYDEN {Leiden). 1494-1533 JAN SCHOREEL, 1495-1562
{.ilkmaar). MARTEN VAN HEEMSKERK
{Rdarlem), 149S-1574.
QUINTIN M.TSVS {Antwerp), c. 1466-1530. JOACHIM DE PATINIR, d. c. 1524. ^ Landscape
BREUGHEL THE ELDER, C. 1525-1570. V and
The BREUGHEL Family.) Genre.
MABUSE IJAN GOSSART), C.1472-C.1533
FRANS FLORIS(DE VRIE.NDT) c. 1520- [• Figures
1570.
NTONIO MORO, c. isi2-c. 1575. Portraits. PAUL ERIL, 1554-1626. Landscape.
RAPHAEL, d. IS20. The High Renaissance.
TITIAN, d.is-6.
TINTORETTO,
1518-1594-
German painting proper almost dies out in the XVIIth and early XVIIIth centuries.
For the Dutch School of the XVIIth century, see Table VII.
PETER PAUL RUBENS, b. 1577. For the Flemish School as headed by Rubens, see Table VIII.
For later Italian Painting, see Table VI.
1200
II.
THE PROTO-RENAISSANCE AND THE REVIVAL OF ART IN 7r.4Z, r.
CONDmON OF THE ART OF P.AINTING IN ITALY BEFORE THE REVIVAL.
Wall Paintings of poor style, with hard black outlines, devoid of any feeling for beauty or truth to nature.
Panel Paintings, chiefly in the form of Enthroned Madonnas of Byzantine type, heavy but dignified;and painted Crucifixes, repulsive in
aspect, with exaggeration of physical suffering, black outlines, green shadows, hatched lights.
Best Italian Sculpture, e.g. by . tellanii at Farma, c. 1 200, greatly inferior to contemporary work in France. J
1250
REVIVAL FIRST SEEN IN SCtTLPTURE. NICCOL. PIS.^NO inspired by the Proto-Renaissance of Southern Italy; his pulpit at Pisa, 1260.
REVIVAL OF PAINTING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE PROTO-RENAISS.NCE.
At ROME, piETRO CAVALLINI "Last Judgment" at S. Cecilia, Rome, c. 1293; at SIENA. DUCCIO DI BUONINSEGNA, c. 12SS-C.1315, (probably) Ruccellai Madonna at Florence, and Madonna at Siena; at FLORENCE, CIMABUE, teacher of Giotto.
