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EARLY MAN IN BRITAIN.
[CHAP. VII.
CHAPTER VII.
THE CAVE-MAN AND THE ADVANCE IN CULTURE.
The Caves of Cresswell Crags.—The Pin Hole.—The Robin Hood and Church Hole Caves.—The Three Pleistocene Strata.—The Lower Red Sand.—The Middle Cave-Earth.—The Upper Cave-Earth and Breccia.—The Oldest Fauna in the Cresswell Caves.—This Fauna in the Caves of Yorkshire.—The Caves of Castleton.—Migration of Bison and Reindeer.—Bison in the District in Summer, Reindeer in Winter.—Man present with the Hippopotamus and Leptorhine Rhinoceros in the Cave of Pont Newydd.—Palæolithic Men of the Caves of Devonshire.—The River-drift Men preceded the Cave-Men in the Caves of France.—M. de Mortillet's Classification.—Chronological Sequence, based on the Associated Mammalia, unsatisfactory.—Cave-Men throughout Europe in the same stage of Culture.—Range of the Cave-Men compared with that of the River-drift Men.—Civilisation of Cave-Men.—Dwellings.—Domestic Pursuits.—No Pottery.—Means of obtaining Fire.—Implement-making. Sewing.—Dress and Ornaments.—Hunting, Fowling, and Fishing.—Art.—Engraving.—Sculpture.—Skeletons of Cave-Men.—The Cave of Duruthy.—No Interments proved to be of Palæolithic Age.—Relation of Cave-Men to River-drift Men.—Cave-Men probably Eskimos.—Cave-Men not now represented in Europe.
Caverns and rock shelters have been used as habitations by man from the Pleistocene period to the present day, and the traces of this occupation present us with a vivid picture of the social condition of their inhabitants. They also contain the remains of animals which enable us to realise the corresponding changes in the animal life.
