1937), Chinese minister to Japan, 1898–1901, and to Belgium, 1905–09.] Liu made a list of his collection of ancient metal utensils, entitled 嘉蔭簃藏器目 Chia-yin-i ts'ang-ch'i mu, and published some of the inscriptions on them in facsimile under the title 清愛堂家藏鐘鼎彝器款識法帖 Ch'ing-ai-t'ang chia-ts'ang chung-ting i-ch'i k'uan-chih fa-t'ieh. Among his other works may be mentioned: Chia-yin-i lun-ch'üan chüeh-chü (論泉絕句), 2 chüan, printed in 1838, poems about ancient coins; 古泉苑 ku-ch'uan yüan, reproductions in facsimile of ancient coins, the manuscripts of which, numbering more than ten volumes in 100 chüan, are said to have been in the possession of Ch'ên Chieh-ch'i 陳介祺 (T. 壽卿, H. 簠齋, 1813–1884) of Wei-hsien, Shantung; 蒼玉洞宋人題名 Ts'ang-yü-tung Sung-jên t'i-ming, printed in 1834, being reproductions of certain names inscribed on a cliff east of Ch'ang-t'ing, Fukien, during the Sung dynasty; 長安獲古編 Ch'ang-an huo-ku pien, 2 chüan, a study of the ancient bronzes he found in Sian, which was first printed by himself and reprinted in 1905 by Liu Ê [q. v.] who added a supplement of 1 chüan; 洛陽存古錄 Lo-yang ts'un-ku lu; 龍門造像錄 Lung-mên tsao-hsiang lu; and 昭陵碑考 Chao-ling pei k'ao—the last three being on the antiquities of Honan and Shensi. The Shantung Provincial Library possesses the original manuscripts of the Ch'ang-an huo-ku pien and an unpublished work on ancient coins, 泉幣圖釋 Ch'uan-pi t'u-shih.
The above-mentioned Ch'ên Chieh-ch'i was also a famous Shantung collector of antiques. He was the son of Ch'ên Kuan-chün 陳官俊 (T. 籲尊, H. 偉堂, chin-shih of 1808, posthumous name 文愨), an Associate Grand Secretary (1844–49). Ch'ên Chieh-ch'i, a chin-shih of 1845, possessed several thousand rubbings of inscriptions on stone, a collection of ancient coins, and several hundred bronzes. Among his bronzes was the famous vessel, Mao-kung ting 毛公鼎. Rubbings of the inscriptions on his bronzes were edited and reproduced in 1918 by Têng Shih 鄧實, under the title 簠齋吉金錄 Fu-chai chi-chin lu. Some of his bronzes are preserved in the Shantung Provincial Library which also possesses part of the collection of another connoisseur of antiques, Wu Shih-fên 吳式芬 (T. 子芯, H. 誦孫, 1796–1856 chin-shih of 1835) of Hai-fêng, Shantung. Wu served as financial commissioner of Shensi (1851–53) and as a sub-chancellor of the Grand Secretariat (1855–56). His catalogue of bronzes and stone inscriptions from ancient times to the end of the Yüan dynasty, entitled 攈古錄 Chün-ku lu, 20 chüan, was printed about 1895. In that year there appeared his book of reproductions of inscriptions on bronzes, entitled Chün ku-lu chin-wên (金文), 3 chüan. He had a fine collection of bronzes, seals, and other objects of antiquity which he stored in the studio, Shuang Yü-hu chai 雙虞壺齋. His son, Wu Chung-hsi 吳重憙 (b. 1838), a Vice-Minister of Communications (1906–08), was the son-in-law of Ch'ên Chieh-ch'i.
Another Shantung collector of antiques was Li Tso-hsien 李佐賢 (T. 竹朋), a chin-shih of 1835, prefect of T'ing-chou-fu, Fukien (1846–51), who specialized in numismatics.
[Chu-ch'êng hsien hsü-chih (1834) 11/1b; 長汀縣志 Ch'ang-t'ing (Fukien) hsien-chih (1879) 20/35b, 23/23b; Hsü (續) Shensi t'ung-chih kao (1934) 12/15a; Tung-hua lu, Tao-kuang 25:4, 27:6, 28:12, 29:5; Shantung t'ung-chih (1915) 175/44b; T'oung Pao 1923, pp. 303–08; ibid, 1928–29, p. 136; 金石著述名家考略 Chin-shih chu-shu ming-chia k'ao-lüeh, p. 37b; 1/218/13b–19b; Yenching Journal of Sinological Studies, no. 12 (1932), p. 2713; Shantung shêng-li t'u-shu-kuan chi-k'an (Shantung Provincial Library Quarterly) no. 2 (1936) 專載, p. 11–25; 吳氏世德錄 Wu-shih shih-tê lu, vol. 4; 金石書錄目 Chin-shih shu lu-mu.]
LIU Hsien-t'ing 劉獻廷 (T. 繼莊, 君賢, H. 廣陽子), Sept. 13, 1648–1695, Aug. 15, scholar, was a native of Ta-hsing (Peking). His father, Liu Kuang 劉鑛, was a physician and his elder brother, Liu Pin-t'ing 劉賓廷, was a chü-jên of 1663 who became a censor in 1684. At the age of nineteen sui, Liu Hsien-t'ing left his native place to live in Kiangsu. At the request of Hsü Ch'ien-hsüeh [q. v.] he went in 1687 to the capital to assist in the compilation of the official history of the Ming dynasty (Ming-shih). Later he also participated in the compilation of the Ta-Ch'ing i-t'ung-chih, or Comprehensive Geography of the Empire (see under Hsü Ch'ien-hsüeh). For the former compilation he re-edited the section on the Calendar written by Wu Jên-ch'ên [q. v.], and for the latter he prepared the draft of the section on Honan province. When Hsü Ch'ien-hsüeh retired from Peking in the spring of 1690 to continue the work on geography at his own home Liu Hsien-t'ing did not accompany him; he remained in Peking for a time to copy rare items from the library that had been assembled in the Historiographical Bureau. But in the
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