816 ELASTICITY TABLE OF MODULUSES AND STRENGTHS. Snbstauce. Density. Young s Modulus. Tenacity in grammes per square centimetre. Length Modulus of Rupture in centimetres (or Tenacity in terms of Weight of Unit-Bulk. Extreme Elastic Elonga tion. Resilienci per cubic centi metre in centi metre- grammes Resili ence per Unit Mass ir centi metres Authority. 1 Method of Determination. Grammes per square centimetre. Length Modulus. Iron or steel Abt 2100 X 10 Abt 9,000,000 ft. DrT. Young j Probably flexure Wood f 105 X 106
to 280 X 10
f 4,000,000 ( to 10,000,000 ft.
,- (Young s ^ orks, j vol. ii. p. 133). Stone ... Abt 350 x 106 Abt 5,000,000 ft. ,, !910x 10 fi " ( Rankine s Slate . to 1120X10 ... - "Rules and Tables." Ice 21,000,000 ft. Be van. Flexure (see 5 42). Brass, cast . wire . 645 X 10 6 1001 X 10 6
127 X 10* 343 x 10* 00198 00344 1256 5905 . . .I Rankine s Rules and Tables. I Bronze, or gun meta 696 X 10 252 x 10* 00362 4562 1 Copper, cast ... 134 XlO 4 ... ! sheet . 211x10* ,, ,, bolts . 253 x 10* }l wires 1195 X 106 422X10* 0036 7480 j > Iron, cast f 984 X 106 tOl610Xl0 6 ( 94 X 10* t to 204 X 10* 00116 879 Iron, wrought, plates 359X10* ,, ,, ,, bars and bolt ... 2040 X 106 f 422 X 10* I to 492 X 10* 00224 5120
Steel, plates . 563X10* ,, bars . f 2040 x 10 6 ( to 2953 X 10 f 763 X 10*
to 914 x 10*
00324 1310 ,, Lead, sheet . ... 51X10 6 ... 23 X 10* 00451 518 Tin, cast 32 X 10* 31 Zinc . (49 to 56) X 10* ... Ash . 113 X 106 ... 120 X 10* 0106 6370 )t Beech 95 x 106 81 X 10* 00853 3455 Birch . 116 X 10 6 105 x 10* 00905 4752 1; Cedar of Lebanon 34 X 106 80 x 10* 0235 9410 ) Fir, red pine 118 XlO 6 ... 91 X 10* 00771 3510 Spruce 113 X 10 6 ... 87X10* 0077 3347 }> Fir, larch 79 X 10 6 68 X 10* 00861 2927 Mahogany . 88X106 105x10* 0120 6265 )f Oak, European 103 X 106 105 X 10* 0102 5352 t> Sycamore 73 X 106 91x10* 0125 5670
- i
Teak, Indian 169 X 10 105 XlO* 00621 3262 ... Lead, cast . 11-215 177 X 106 16 x 10" cms. 22x10* 0012 12 Vevtheim. By direct elong. ,, 198 X 10 6 M . ) ; trans, vibr. ,, 199 x 10 ) j longltud. ,, Tin, cast 7-404 417-2X10 6 5G X 10" cms. 41-6x10* 001 28 j j trans. ,, ,, 464 X 10 6 longitud. Cadmium, drawn 8-CC5 542 X 10 6 63 X 10" cms. j j ,, trans. ,, 609 X 10 6 } ) long. Gold, drawn . 18-514 813 X 106 44 x 10" cms. (266 to 284) X 10* 15 X 10* 0034 250 ,, direct elong. 864x10" trans, vib. , , 860 X 106 ,1 long. Silver, drawn 10-369 736 x 10 6 71 X 10 cms. 296 X 10* 28X10* 0041 575 Jf ,, direct elong. ( ( 782 x 10 6 trans, vib. ,, 758 X 10 6 ) j long. Zinc, common, drawn 7-008 873 X 10 6 124 x 10 cms. 158 X 10* 23 x 10* 0018 204 ,, direct elong. } t 879 X 10 6 trans, vibr. ,, 955 X 106 11 long. Palladium . 11-35 1175 X 10 6 104 x 10" cms. 272 X 10* 23 X 10* 0023 277 direct elong. 1239x106 trans, vib. Copper, drawn 8-933 1245 X 106 139 x 10 cms. 410 X 10* 46 x 10* 0033 756 tJ ,, direct elong.
1251 X 106 JJ ,, trans, vib. Jl ! 1254XlO G i. long. ,, annealed 8-936 1052 X 10 118 X 10 cms. 316 X 10* 35 x 10* 003 531 1} ,, direct elong. n 1183 X 106 J; ,, trans. Tib. a 1254 X 106
- ,
n lo"R- .. Platinum wire, fine 21-166 1593X10 75 X 10 cms. 350 X 10 17x10* 0022 182
- j
trans.
1618X10" ,, long. ,, ,, medium 21-275 1704x10 j t ,, direct elong. a 1716X10 5 trans. ,, ,, 1716 X 10 }t ,. long. a ,, thick 21-2.J9 1581 X 10 j j trans, vib.
1616x10 j 1 n long. Iron wire, common 7-553 1S61X 10" 246 x 10" cms. 625 to 651) XlO* 85 X 10* 0034 1450 JJ direct elong. Steel, cast, drawn 7-717 1955 X 10 8 838 X 10* 108x10* ,, ,, 1825X10" .. jt trans, vib. 11 V, 1982 x 10" ,, long. Steel wire, English, j
- 7-718
1881 X 10" 244 X 10" cms. (859 to 991) X 10* 125x10* 0050 2915 f 1 direct elong. drawn . . J 2071 X 10" ft trans, vib. ,, 1944 X 10 11 long. Steel wire, common, tempered blue 7-420 1804 X 10 243 x 10" cms. ,, direct elor.g. English steel, ) pianoforte wire . J 7-727 2049 X 10 205 X 10" cms. 2362 X 10* 306 X 10* 0115 17600 D.M Farlane i> Copper wire 8-9 f 1150X10 ( to!200 x 10 e
-