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2 ANATOMY. Part VI. ^5 trunk or finus of the vena ports, where the neck is and chiefly by the means of the middle ligament pulls the to the anterior edge of the great lobe, a little the diaphragm along with it. It is in that place there- fituated fore that we have this uneafy fenfation, and not at the toward the" right fide, where the bottom is placed. fuperior orifice of the ftomach, as iy commonly believed. The gall-bladder is compofed of feveral coats; the The liver is compofed of feveral kinds of veflels, the outermoit of which is a continuation of that which inramifications of which are multiplied in an aftonilhing vefts the liver, and confecjuently of the peritonaeum. manner, and form by the intertexture of their capillary The fecond coat is fleffiy, aiid made up of two flxata, extremities, an innumerable colledtion of fmall pulpy, one longitudinal, the other tranfverfe, the fibres of friable corpufcles, which are looked upon to be fo many which have nearly the fame irregular direftion with thole organs defigned to feparate from the mafs of blood a of the ftomach ; and this difpofition of the fibres in thefe vifeera is owin£ to the different diameters in the feveral particular fluid termed the bile. The greatefl: part of thefe veflels from one end to the portions of them, and to their incurvation. other is included in a membranous vagina called capfula Thefe two coats are connedted by a cellular fubftance continued between the body of the veficula and the liver, venx portee, or capfula Gliffoni. The trunk of the vena portas is fituated tranfverfely all the way, to a whitiffi ftratum, which is looked upon between the broad anterior eminence of the great lobe of as the third coat 'of the gall-bladder anfwering to the the fiver, and the root of the lobulus, in a particular tunica nervofa of the inteftines. fciflure, and forms what is^called the Jinus of the vena The innermoft or fourth coat has on the infide a great port#. From this linus five principal branches go out, number of reticular folds, filled with fmall lacunas, like which are afterwards divided into millions of ramifica- perforated papillae, efpecially near the neck of the veficula where thefe folds are longitudinal, and afterwards tions through the whole fubftance of the liver. At this place the vena portas lays down the common form a kind of fmall pylorus with plaits of the fame naoffice of a vein, and becomes a kind of artery as it en- ture with thofe in the great one. Thefe lacunae are ters, and is again ramified in the liver. The extremi- looked upon to be glands. ties of all thefe ramifications of the trunk of the vena That fide of the body of the veficula which lies next portae hepatica end in the pulpy friable corpufcles which the liver is connected to that vifeus by a vaft number of ieem to be thick villous folliculi. filaments, which run a great way into the fubftance of Its in thefe folliculi that the- bile is fecreted, and it ia the liver; and among thefe filaments there are fome immediately collected in the fame ‘number of extremities duds which form a communication between the pori biof another kind of veflels, which unite by numerous ra- larii and veficula. They are moft numerous near tire mifications into one commonjtrunk. Thefe ramifications neck of the veficula, and they are named duftus cyjl~he~ are termed port hilarii, and the trunk duttus kepaticus ; patici, or hepatico-cyjlici. and the ramifications of thefe two kinds 'of veflels are in- The neck of the veficula is ‘formed by the contradion velted together by the capfula of the vena portae. of the fmall extremity; and this neck bending afterwards The blood, deprived of this bilious fluid, is reconveyed in a particular manner, produces a narrow canal named to the heart by a great number of venal ramifications, duftus eyfietts. which afterwards unite into three principal branches, be- The neck of the veficula is nearly of the fame ftrudure fides others that are lefs confiderable, that * terminate in with the other parts. It has on the infide feveral retithe vena cava, and are all called by the name of vena cular rugee and fome folds which appear like fragments hepatica. of valvulae conniventes, fituated very near each other, The capillary extremities of the ramifications of the neckfolds to theis contradion the cyftic The vena cava, join thofe of the vena ports, and accompany from firft ofthethefe pretty broadofand large, dud. and almoft them through the liver; and yet the great branches of circular; fhe next is more oblique, and fmaller in fize; both veins interfeft each other in feverpl places. reft diminiffi in the fame manner. The dudus hepaticus, or trunk of the pori bilarii, ha- and the bile which pafles through the dudus hepaticus inving run a little way, joins another canal called duftus to The the cholidochus, may be called hepatic', and that cyfiieus or veficularis, becaufe it comes from the veficu- which is colieded in the veficula fellis, may be termed la fellis. Thefe two united duds form a common trunk cyftic. The hepatic bile flows continually through the named duftus cholidocbus, becaufe it conveys the bile. dudus cholidochus into the duodenum, whereas the cyftic This dud having reached the incurvation of the duode- bile flows only by reafon of plentitude or by compreflion. num, ii'ifiruates'itfelf through the coats of that inteftine, The ufes of the liver ffiall be explained after the deand opens into the cavity thereof, not by a round papil- feription of pancreas,' fpleen, and omentum, all thefe la, but by an oblong orifice, rounded at the upper part, vifeera having a great relation to the liver., and contraded at the lower, like the fpout of an ewer, or-like a common tooth-picker.' PANCREAS. The gall-bladder is a kind of finall bag ffiaped like a pear, that is, narrow at one end and wide at the othef. The pancreas is a long flat gland, of that kind which The wide extremity is termed the. fundus or bottom, anatomifts call conglomerate, fituated under the ftomach, the narrow extremity the neck, and the middle portion between the liver and the fpleen. Its figure' refembles the body. About one third of*the body of the veficuJa that of a dog’s tongue ; and it is divided into two fides, lies in a depreflion on the concave fide of the liver, from one fuperior, the other inferior; two edges, one anteVon. I. No. ii. 3
