| XXX | (585) | XXX |
B O O K - K terms Debtor and Creditor, becaufe their common acceptation comes nearer to the thing here meant than any other they could think on. By means of thefe terms, the two parts, in any cafe of the Wafte-book, when polled to thejournal, are denominated, the one the Debtor, and the other the Creditor, of that port And when carried from thence to the Ledger, the Deotor, or Debtor part, is entered upon the left fide (hence called the Debtor fide) of its own account, where it is charged Debtor to the Creditor part. Again, the Creditor, or Creditor part, is ported to the right fide, or Credr tor-fide of its accompt, and made Creditor by the Debtor fait. Hence Italian book-keeping is laid to be a method of keeping accompts by double entry, becaufe every fingle cafe of the Warte-book requires at lead two entries in the Ledger, viz. one for the Debtor, and another for the Creditor. We fhall illuftrate what has been faid by two examples. Firji, Suppofe a merchant buys a pipe of wine for ready money, the two parts in this cafe are, the wine received, and the money delivered for it' which are charadlerifed by the terms Debtor and Creditor in the Journal-poll thus: Wine Dr to cajhwhere the meaning is, (though to exprefs it fo is needlefs), that as Wine '% DrioCajh, lb Cajh is Cr by Wine. And accordingly when carried to the Ledger, the Wine-aecompt is charged Dr to Cajh, and the Cafh-accompt is made Cr by Wine. Again, tidly. Admit the me/chant fells this pipe of wine for prefent money, in this cafe the two parts are the fame as before; but when clothed with Debtor and Creditor, will (land inverted thus : Cajh Dr to Wine. And ac cprdingly, in the Ledger, the Cajh-accompt is charged Dr to Wine, and the Wine-accompt gets credit by Cajh. From all which it is evident, the terms Debtor Creditor/axz nothing elfe but marks or charaifterillks flamped upon the different parts of tranfadtions in the Journal, exprelling the relation of thefe parts to one another, and fhewing to which fide of their refpedtive accompts in the Ledger they are to be carried. Rules relating toDebtorand Creditor. I A thing received upon truft, is Dr to the perfop of whom it is received. II. The perfon towhom a thing is delivered upon trurt, is Dr to the thing delivered. Ill A ihing received, is Dr to the thing given for it. IV. In antecedent and fub equent cafes, parts that are the reverfe of one another in the nature of the thing, are alfo oppoied in relptdl of terms. V In cafes where perfonal and real Drs or Crs are wanting, the detedl muft be fupplied by fidlitious ones. VI. In complex cafes, the fundry Drs or Crs are to be mar'e out from the preceding rules jointly taken. We now proceed to ihe particular application of Debtor and Creditor in the feveral branches of trade, viz. I. Proper trade, which a merchant carries on for himfelf. II. Faftorage, which he manages for another, called his Employer. HI. Partnerjhip, which is carried on by a truftee, in name of all the partners.
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P I N G. (*585) i. IN PROPER TRADE. Proper trade is either domeftic or foreign. Proper doniejiic trade, is that which a merchant carries on by himfelf, without the help of a fadtor. Proper Joreign trade, is the bufinels that occurs to a merchant by employing a fadtor. ijl. Debtor and Creditor applied in proper domeftic trade. Proper domeftic irade, comprehends the inventory, buying, Jelling, bartering, receiving money, and paying money. To each of thefe we fhall afiign a diftmdt problem ; and, to prevent burdening the lea ner’s memory, we fhall deliver the feverai cafes as compendioufly as pcffible, fubjoining to each problem fuch notes as feem neceflary for clearing any thing that requires further illullration. vve refer from JoumaL, the cafes byandthenotesdates^ of each plesh ofB.theA»irafc-bootymA fo weproblem, have madeto thetife^.examf letblems, which the reader willealily obferee. Prob. i. A. Debtor Creditor *?/>/>//«//o the inventory. The inventory-coaCifts, of two parts, and accordingly is journalized at twice, viz. i Sundries Drs ro Stock. The feveral Drs are. CuJd, for the mere! ant’s ready money ; Goods on hand, for their refpetftivt values-, Per Jons, for their debts due to him. 2 Stock Dr to Sundries The feveral Crs are, the perfons to whom the; merchant owes. Compare the W/Jie-book and Journal, Jan. Note, StI ock is a fi&itious term ufed inftead of the merchant’s name. Prob. 2. B. Debtor and Creditor applied in buying. In buying one fingle commodity there are feven diftindl cafes, (vtz. three fimple, ana tout complex): in> ?11 which the goods bought and received art Dr; but the Cr varies according to die tetmsof pufehaie. Caje 1. When goods are bought for ready money, the entry is, -Goods bought Dr to C. Jh. Jan. 6. 2. When goods are bought, and paid for by giving the feller a bill or note upon a tliird perfon, Goods bought Dr to die Accepter, viz. the laid third perfon 3. When goods are bought on time, Goods bought Dr to the Seller. Jan. 10 Oct. 21. 4. When goods are bought for part money, part bill. Goods bought Dr to Sundries, viz. 1 o Cajh, for the fum paid, To Accepter, for value of the bill. 5. Wlien goods are bought for part money, part on time. Goods bought Dr to Sundries, viz. 110 Cajh, paid in part, To Seller, for the reft. Jan. 15. 6. When goods are bought for part bill, part time. Goods bought Dr to Sundries, viz. To Accepter, for value of the bill. To Seller, for the reft. 7. When goods are b.ought for part money, part bill,, part time, Goods bought Dr to Sundries, viz. To Cajh, for the fum paid,. T
