78 FKDEBAIi BEPOBTBB. �be referred to for ascertaining the meaning of the daims. Bates V. Coe, 16 0. G. 837; Brooks v. Fiske, 15 How. 215. �The specification describes pumping apparatus which the increase of pressure in the mains will slacken, and df vease will hasten; it describes mains connected with an air-cham- ber, and a relief- valve for easing the shock of sudden and ccntinued pressure, and mains from which the water is drawn as wanted, or closed mains, operating by pumping the water directly into the mains without a reservoir or stand-pipe. The claim of the System as and for the purposes above shown is à claim for this combination of these varions contrivances, operating together in this manner, for this purpose. It is for these devices so combined and arranged, and not for any abstract principle or method apart from the devices them- selves. The olaim appears to be valid when so construed. Hotty V. Union City, 14 0. G. 5. The plaintiflF's pumping apparatus is arranged so that the increase of pressure in the mains will lessen the amount of water being pumped into them by forcing the water against a piston, the motion of which, operating through complicated devices, shuts off the motive power and slackens the pumps. This is the pumping apparatus supplied with contrivances by which the pressure within the mains may be preserved, in a great decree, uni- form, which is mentioned in this first claim, and that part of the patented invention covered by this claim is the combina- tion of this apparatus with the mains, the air-chamber, the relief-valve, the pipes, and the spigots. �The answer and the evidence show that the defendants bave put in water- works for cities and towns, or participated in putting them in, which have the pumping apparatus de- scribed in letters patent No. 154,468, dated August 25, 1864, issued to John P. Flanders, one of the defendants, for an im- provement in pumps, stated in the specification to relate more partioularly to pumping engines adapted to the delivery of large volumes of water, as in town or city supply where eo etand-pipe or reservoir is employed, and in the description referring only to such engines as pump directly into the mains. In this pumping apparatus the incrcasing pressure ����
