The European Sky-god. 273
Hesiod uses the phrase "the eye of Zeus" ; ^^ but it is not certain that he is referring to the sun. Better attested is the identification of the bronze giant Talos on the one hand with the sun,^^ on the other with Zeus.^'^ This un- equivocal conception of a solar Zeus recurs at Amorgos, where a very early inscription ^^ incised on a rock reads :
lEVi - - 'LiiiQ
HMit - - "HX[to]e.
At Chios Zeus was entitled A.Wio'^lr, "He of the glowing face." ^^ Throughout Asia Minor he was conceived as a solar power : thus Zeus 'Ac/c/aato? of Caria and Lydia is represented on coins of Halicarnassus wearing a rayed crown.^^ Zeus 'Oo-oyco? on a coin of Mylasa ^^ and Zeus Uavd/xapo'? (?) on coins of Slratonicea^^ are similarly adorned. The Phrygian and Galatian Zeus lipovTMV was related to the sun.*"^ The ritual of the Bithynian Zeus 'Zrpdrio'i involved an enormous bonfire, which was kindled on a hill-top ™ and, like the bonfire on Mount Cithaeron at the festival of the Great Daedala,^^ was probably intended
" Hes., 0. D., 267, -KavTa ISujv Aiot; 6(p9a\fibg Kal Tzavra vor]<jaQ, Cp. Stob. eel., I. 3. 9, Wachsmuth ovx tvcu Aiog | opOaXfioe, eyjvg o' tari, KcuTrep
®- Hesych., TaXuig' 6 i'jXiog.
^ Hesych., TaXaioc' o ZevQ ev KfjijTij, G. Dittenberger, Sylloge Inscrr. Gr.^ 463, 19 f. , Tov Aijva rbv TaXXcnov, 514, 14, rai Zi]vug rai TaXXaioj.
^ Rohl, Imagines inscrr. Gr. antiquiss." p. 55, no. 28, Roberts, Gk. Epigraphy, i., 191, no. 160 f. Other references to Zeus"HXtof are of Roman date, e.g., Corp. inscrr. Gr., 4590, 4604, Anth. Pal., 7, 85, Etym. Magn.,
409, 9-
«* Tzetz. in Lye. Akx., 537, cp. Eustath., 1385, 62. ^ Class. Rev., xvii., 416, fig. 10. ^ lb., p. 417.
^8 Brit. Mus. Cat. Gk. Coins, Caria, p. 153, pi. 24, 4. ®' Cumont in Pauly-Wissowa, iii., 891, 58 ff. ™ Appian Bell. Mithr., 66. " Paus., 9. 3. I ff. VOL. XV. T
