white guards of Prince Lieven, which were being gathered by the German Government. The German "Iron Division" and the "Landswehr", together with the Lettish white-guard bands of Ballod, moved on Red Latvia.[1] German volunteer detachments together with Lithuanian white-guard bands operated against red Lithuania. The main enemy of the latter was Poland. In Ukraine, Petlura and the Entente initiated and supported uprisings of rich peasants ("kulaki"). As a result of all this the counter-revolution separated us from the West by a barrier of aggressive white frontier states. Esthonia and Finland served as a base for the formation of Yudenich's army. In June the utmost vigilance of the working class and Soviets of Petrograd disclosed the machinations of the Entente and the counter-revolutionary conspirators, and forestalled the intended blow from within. On the other hand, gradually and unceasingly the revolutionary movement kept on advancing in the Entente countries and all over Europe the ruling classes are panic stricken as they feel the approach of world revolution. The marvelous picture of the attack of world reaction upon Soviet Russia, the latter's desperate struggle and successful defense, inspire the working classes of all countries. This year (1919) we write fewer notes to governments, but more appeals to working masses. The Soviet Government sent proclamations to the toiling masses on various questions with regard to the blockade, the aid to counter-revolutionists, the demonstrations of workers in the Entente countries planned for July 21, but broken up by social-traitors, the influence of the Entente on peace negotiations with our neighbors, and the outrages of the Entente and its agents and subject governments and bands of small nationalities in the various parts of the former Russian Empire. In the absence of official diplomatists, prominent men
- ↑ See Soviet wireless message of October 9, 1919, on these recruitings, in Soviet Russia, Vol. II, No. 8 (February 21, 1920).
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